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[29] Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. P. 316.
[30] Conquista de la Isla de Luzon, p. 24.
[31] See the letter of Bishop Salazar to the king, explaining his motives, in coming to the Philippines. Retana, Biblioteca Filipina, vol, I.; Relacion, 1583, p. 4.
[32] Zuniga: Historia de Filipinas, pp. 195, 196.
[33] Both Van Noort and Morga have left us accounts of this sea-fight, the former in his journal, Description of the Failsome Voyage Made Round the World, and the latter in his famous, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas.
[34] Montero y Vidal: Historia de Filipinas, vol. I., p. 199.
[35] Relacion de la Conquista de Luzon, 1572, p. 15.
[36] Relacion de las Encomiendas, existentes en Filipinas, Retana, Archivo del Bibliofilo Filipino, vol. IV.
[37] Ordenanzas ... para la Reparticion de los Indios de la Isla Espanola, in Doc.u.mentos Ineditas, vol. I., p. 236.
[38] Historia de Filipinos, p. 157, et sq.
[39] Among other doc.u.ments, which throw a most unfavorable light upon the condition of the Filipinos under the encomiendas, is the letter to the king from Domingo de Salazar, the first bishop of the Philippines, which describes the conditions about 1583.
[40] Domingo de Salazar, Relacion de las Cosas de las Filipinas, 1583, p. 5, in Retana Archives, vol. 3.
[41] Relacion, pp. 13, 14.
[42] Sucesos de las Filipinas, p. 334.
[43] Las Costumbres de los Tagalos en Filipinas segun el Padre Plasencia. Madrid, 1892.
[44] Blumentritt: Organization Communale des Indigines des Philippines, traduis de l'Allemand, par A. Hugot. 1881.
[45] Sucesos de las Filipinas, p. 332.
[46] See Salazar's relation on this point.
[47] Chirino: Relacion, pp. 19, 20.
[48] Morga, p. 329.
[49] Sucesos de las Filipinas, p. 323.
[50] The Princ.i.p.al Navigations, Voiages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation, ... by Richard Hakluyt, Master of Artes and sometime Student of Christ Church in Oxford. Imprinted at London, 1598. Vol. I., p. 560.
[51] Sucesos de las Filipinas, p. 347.
[52] Sucesos de las Filipinas, p. 352.]
[53] Laws of the Indies, VIII., 45, 46.
[54] Relacion de las Islas Filipinas, chap. V., p. 23, and chap. XIII. p. 47.
[55] Ibid., p. 323.
[56] Ibid., p. 321.
[57] Morga: Sucesos, p. 324.
[58] Carta Relacion de las Cosas de la China y de los Chinos del Parian de Manila, 1590; in Retana, Archivo, vol. III.
[59] Relacion de las Islas Filipinas, p. 18. See also Salazar, Carta Relacion.
[60] Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, p. 364.
[61] Zuniga: Historia de las Filipinas, p. 252.
[62] Historia General de Filipinas, vol. I., p. 187.
[63] Morris: The History of Colonization, vol. I., p. 215 sq.
[64] Raffles: History of Java, vol. II., p. 116.
[65] On the history of this notable expedition see Argensola, Conquista de las Islas Molucas. Madrid, 1609.
[66] An account of this victory, written the following year, Relacion Verdadera de la gran vitoria, que el Armada Espanola de la China tuuo contra los Olandeses Pirates, has been reprinted by Retana, Archivo Bibliofilo Filipino, vol. II.
[67] "Just before the naval engagement of Playa Honda, the Dutch intercepted junks on the way to Manila, bringing, amongst their cargoes of food, as many as twelve thousand capons."--Foreman: The Philippine Islands, p. 104.
[68] Historia de Filipinas, p. 282.
[69] How attractive the island appeared and how well they knew its peoples is revealed by the accurate descriptions in the first book of Combes' Historia de Mindanao y Jolo.
[70] Historia de Mindanao y Jolo, lib. IV., chap. 7.
[71] This important victory was commemorated in a number of writings, some of which have been reprinted by Retana. See Sucesos Felices, que por Mar y Tierra ha dado N. S. a las armas Espanolas, 1637. Another is published in the Appendix to Barrantes', Historia de Guerras Piraticas. The subject is also fully treated by Combes.
[72] The king did not confer the t.i.tle of "Royal" until 1735, although the University was taken under his protection in 1680.
[73] Entrada de la Seraphica Religion, de Nuestro P. S. Francisco en las Islas Filipinas. Retana, vol, I.
[74] The Jesuits, on retiring with the Spanish forces from the Moluccas, brought from Ternate a colony of their converts. These people were settled at Marigondon, on the south sh.o.r.e of Manila Bay, where their descendants can still be distinguished from the surrounding Tagalog population.
[75] See the account of the "Settlement of the Ladrones by the Spaniards," in Burney's Voyages in the Pacific, vol. III.
[76] Some of the benefits of such a trade are set forth by the Jesuit, Alonzo de Ovalle, in his Historical Relation of the Kingdom of Chili, printed in Rome, 1649. In Churchill's Collection of Voyages and Travels, vol. III.
[77] Recopilacion de Leyes de las Indias, lib. VIII., t.i.tulo 45, ley 78.
[78] Montero y Vidal: Historia de Filipinas, vol. I., p. 460.
