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Latin for Beginners Part 60

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2. Stems that add no termination in the nominitive singular: _a._ masculines and feminines; _b._ neuters.

II. _I_-Stems.

Masculines, feminines, and neuters.

<464.>> I. CONSONANT STEMS

1. _Nouns that add <-s>> to the base to form the nominative singular: masculines and feminines only_



>, >, m., >, m., m., _chief_ _soldier_ _stone_ BASES OR

> > > STEMS

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ princeps miles lapis -s _Gen._ principis militis lapidis -is _Dat._ principi militi lapidi -i _Acc._ principem militem lapidem -em _Abl._ principe milite lapide -e

PLURAL _Nom._ principes milites lapides -es _Gen._ principum militum lapidum -um _Dat._ principibus militibus lapidibus -ibus _Acc._ principes milites lapides -es _Abl._ principibus militibus lapidibus -ibus

>, m., >, m., >, f., _king_ _judge_ _virtue_ BASES OR > > > STEMS

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ rex iudex virtus -s _Gen._ regis iudicis virtutis -is _Dat._ regi iudici virtuti -i _Acc._ regem iudicem virtutem -em _Abl._ rege iudice virtute -e

PLURAL _Nom._ reges iudices virtutes -es _Gen._ regum iudic.u.m virtutum -um _Dat._ regibus iudicibus virtutibus -ibus _Acc._ reges iudices virtutes -es _Abl._ regibus iudicibus virtutibus -ibus

NOTE. For consonant changes in the nominative singular, cf. --233.3.

2. _Nouns that have no termination in the nominative singular_

_a._ MASCULINES AND FEMININES

>, m., >, f., >,

>, m., _consul_ _legion_ m., _row_ _father_ BASES OR > > >

> STEMS

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ consul legio ordo pater -- _Gen._ consulis legionis ordinis patris -is _Dat._ consuli legioni ordini patri -i _Acc._ consulem legionem ordinem patrem -em _Abl._ consule legione ordine patre -e

PLURAL _Nom._ consules legiones ordines patres -es _Gen._ consulum legionum ordinum patrum -um _Dat._ consulibus legionibus ordinibus patribus -ibus _Acc._ consules legiones ordines patres -es _Abl._ consulibus legionibus ordinibus patribus -ibus

NOTE. For vowel and consonant changes in the nominative singular, cf.

--236.1-3.

_b._ NEUTERS >, >, >, >, n., _river_ n., _time_ n., _work_ n., _head_ BASES OR > > > > STEMS

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ flumen tempus opus caput -- _Gen._ fluminis temporis operis capitis -is _Dat._ flumini tempori operi capiti -i _Acc._ flumen tempus opus caput -- _Abl._ flumine tempore opere capite -e

PLURAL _Nom._ flumina tempora opera capita -a _Gen._ fluminum temporum operum capitum -um _Dat._ fluminibus temporibus operibus capitibus -ibus _Acc._ flumina tempora opera capita -a _Abl._ fluminibus temporibus operibus capitibus -ibus

NOTE. For vowel and consonant changes in the nominative singular, cf.

--238.2, 3.

<465.>> II. _I_-STEMS

_a._ MASCULINES AND FEMININES

>, f., >, >, f., >, m., _slaughter_ m., _enemy_ _city_ _retainer_ STEMS > > > > BASES > > > >

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ caedes hostis urbs cliens -s, -is, _or_ -es _Gen._ caedis hostis urbis clientis -is _Dat._ caedi hosti urbi clienti -i _Acc._ caedem hostem urbem clientem -em (-im) _Abl._ caede hoste urbe cliente -e (-i)

PLURAL _Nom._ caedes hostes urbes clientes -es _Gen._ caedium hostium urbium clientium -ium _Dat._ caedibus hostibus urbibus clientibus -ibus _Acc._ caedis, -es hostis, -es urbis, -es clientis, -es -is, -es _Abl._ caedibus hostibus urbibus clientibus -ibus

1. >, >, >, >, have the abl. sing. in <-i>> or <-e>>.

2. > has accusative > and ablative > or >.

_b._ NEUTERS

>, n., >, _decoration_ _animal_ n., _spur_

STEMS > > BASES > >

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ insigne animal calcar -e _or_ -- _Gen._ insignis animalis calcaris -is _Dat._ insigni animali calcari -i _Acc._ insigne animal calcar -e _or_ -- _Abl._ insigni animali calcari -i

PLURAL _Nom._ insignia animalia calcaria -ia _Gen._ insignium animalium calcarium -ium _Dat._ insignibus animalibus calcaribus -ibus _Acc._ insignia animalia calcaria -ia _Abl._ insignibus animalibus calcaribus -ibus

<466.>> THE FOURTH DECLENSION. _U_-STEMS

>, n., _horn_ _arrival_ STEMS > BASES >

TERMINATIONS SINGULAR MASC. NEUT.

_Nom._ adventus cornu -us -u _Gen._ adventus cornus -us -us _Dat._ adventui (u) cornu -ui (u) -u _Acc._ adventum cornu -um -u _Abl._ adventu cornu -u -u

PLURAL _Nom._ adventus cornua -us -ua _Gen._ adventuum cornuum -uum -uum _Dat._ adventibus cornibus -ibus -ibus _Acc._ adventus cornua -us -ua _Abl._ adventibus cornibus -ibus -ibus

<467.>> THE FIFTH DECLENSION. _E_-STEMS

>, m., _day_ >, f., _thing_ STEMS > > BASES > >

SINGULAR TERMINATIONS _Nom._ dies res -es _Gen._ diei rei -e?i _Dat._ diei rei -e?i _Acc._ diem rem -em _Abl._ die re -e

PLURAL _Nom._ dies res -es _Gen._ dierum rerum -erum _Dat._ diebus rebus -ebus _Acc._ dies res -es _Abl._ diebus rebus -ebus

<468.>> SPECIAL PARADIGMS

>, >, f., >, f., >, m., _G.o.d_ _house_ _strength_ n., _way_ STEMS > > > and > and > > BASES > > > and > and > >

SINGULAR _Nom._ deus domus vis iter _Gen._ dei domus vis (rare) itineris _Dat._ deo domui, -o vi (rare) itineri _Acc._ deum domum vim iter _Abl._ deo domo, -u vi itinere

PLURAL _Nom._ dei, di domus vires itinera _Gen._ deorum, deum domuum, -orum virium itinerum _Dat._ deis, dis domibus viribus itineribus _Acc._ deos domos, -us viris, -es itinera _Abl._ deis, dis domibus viribus itineribus

_a._ The vocative singular of > is like the nominative.

_b._ The locative of > is >.

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