The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the XVII Century Part 19

[Footnote 505: Ibid., Nos. 72-76, 2034.]

[Footnote 506: Ibid., Nos. 2034, 2044, 2047, 2052, 2103.]

[Footnote 507: Ibid., Nos. 2278, 2398, 2416, 2500.]

[Footnote 508: Ibid., 1693-96, Nos. 634, 635, 1009, 1236.]

[Footnote 509: C.S.P. Colon., 1693-96, Nos. 778, 876; Archives Coloniales, Corresp. Gen. de St. Dom. III. Letter of Duca.s.se, 30 March 1694.]

[Footnote 510: C.S.P. Colon., 1693-96, Nos. 1109, 1236 (i.).]

[Footnote 511: Ibid., Nos. 1074, 1083, 1106, 1109, 1114, 1121, 1131, 1194, 1236; Charlevoix, I. x. p. 256 _ff._; Stowe MSS., 305 f., 205 b; Ducere: Les corsaires sous l'ancien regime, p. 142.]

[Footnote 512: The number of white men on the island at this time was variously estimated from 2000 to 2400 men. (C.S.P. Colon., 1693-96, Nos.

1109 and 1258.)]

[Footnote 513: C.S.P. Colon, 1693-96, No. 1516.]

[Footnote 514: Ibid., Nos. 207, 876, 1004.]

[Footnote 515: C.S.P. Colon., 1693-96, Nos. 1946, 1973, 1974, 1980, 1983, 2022. According to Charlevoix, it was the dalliance and cowardice of Laurens de Graff, who was in command at Cap Francois, and feared falling into the hands of his old enemies the English and Spaniards, which had much to do with the success of the invasion. After the departure of the allies Laurens was deprived of his post and made captain of a light corvette. (Charlevoix, I. x. p. 266 _ff._)]

[Footnote 516: Ducere, _op. cit._ p. 148.]

[Footnote 517: Narrative of de Pointis.]

[Footnote 518: Narrative of de Pointis; C.S.P. Colon., 1696-97, No.

824.]

[Footnote 519: Narrative of de Pointis; C.S.P. Colon., 1696-97, No.

868.]

[Footnote 520: Narrative of de Pointis.]

[Footnote 521: C.S.P. Colon., 1696-97, Nos. 373-376, 413, 661, 769.]

[Footnote 522: Ibid., Nos. 715, 868.]

[Footnote 523: C.S.P. Colon., 1696-97, Nos. 375, 453.]

[Footnote 524: Ibid., 944. 978.]

[Footnote 525: The mouth of the harbour, called Boca Chica, was defended by a fort with 4 bastions and 33 guns; but the guns were badly mounted on flimsy carriages of cedar, and were manned by only 15 soldiers.

Inside the harbour was another fort called Santa Cruz, well-built with 4 bastions and a moat, but provided with only a few iron guns and without a garrison. Two other forts formed part of the exterior works of the town, but they had neither garrison nor guns. The city itself was surrounded by solid walls of stone, with 12 bastions and 84 bra.s.s cannon, to man which there was a company of 40 soldiers. Such was the war footing on which the Spanish Government maintained the "Key of the Indies." (Duro, _op. cit._, v. p. 287.)]

[Footnote 526: Narrative of de Pointis. _Cf._ Charlevoix, _op cit._, liv. xi., for the best account of the whole expedition.]

[Footnote 527: Charlevoix, _op. cit._, liv. xi. p. 352.

In one of the articles of capitulation which the Governor of Cartagena obtained from de Pointis, the latter promised to leave untouched the plate, jewels and other treasure of the churches and convents. This article was not observed by the French. On the return of the expedition to France, however, Louis XIV. ordered the ecclesiastical plate to be sequestered, and after the conclusion of the Peace of Ryswick sent it back to San Domingo to be delivered to the governor and clergy of the Spanish part of the island. (Duro, _op. cit._, v. pp. 291, 296-97).]

[Footnote 528: Duro, _op. cit._, v. p. 310.]

[Footnote 529: C.S.P. Colon., 1669-74, No. 697.]

[Footnote 530: Ibid.; _cf._ C.S.P. Colon., 1669-74, No. 138: "The number of tippling houses is now doubly increased, so that there is not now resident upon the place ten men to every house that selleth strong liquors. There are more than 100 licensed houses, besides sugar and rum works that sell without licence."]

[Footnote 531: Crawford: Bibliotheca Lindesiana. Handlist of Proclamations.]

[Footnote 532: Firth: Naval Songs and Ballads, pp. l.-lii.; _cf._ also Archives Coloniales, Corresp. Gen. de St Dom., vols. iii.-ix.; Ibid., Martinique, vols. viii.-xix.]

[Footnote 533: Archives Coloniales, Corresp. Gen. de Martinique, vol.

xvi.]

APPENDIX I

An account of the English buccaneers belonging to Jamaica and Tortuga in 1663, found among the Rawlinson MSS., makes the number of privateering s.h.i.+ps fifteen, and the men engaged in the business nearly a thousand.

The list is as follows:--

_Captain s.h.i.+p Men Guns_ Sir Thomas Whetstone a Spanish prize 60 7 Captain Smart Griffon, frigate 100 14 Captain Guy James, frigate 90 14 Captain James American, frigate 70 6 Captain Cooper his frigate 80 10 Captain Morris a brigantine 60 7 Captain Brenningham his frigate 70 6 Captain Mansfield a brigantine 60 4 Captain Goodly a pink 60 6 Captain Blewfield, belonging to Cape Gratia de Dios, living among the Indians a barque 50 3 Captain Herdue a frigate 40 4

There were four more belonging to Jamaica, of which no account was available. The crews were mixed of English, French and Dutch.

APPENDIX II

List of filibusters and their vessels on the coasts of French San Domingo in 1684:--

_Captain s.h.i.+p Men Guns_

Le sieur Grammont le Hardy 300 52 " capitaine Laurens de Graff " Neptune 210 54 " " Michel la Mutine 200 44 " " Janquais " Dauphine 180 30 " " le Sage le Tigre 130 30 " " Dedran " Cha.s.seur 120 20 " sieur du Mesnil la Trompeuse 100 14 " capitaine Jocard l'Irondelle 120 18 " " Brea la Fortune 100 14 La prise du cap^ne. Laurens -- 80 18 Le sieur de Bernanos la Schitie 60 8 " capitaine Cachemaree le St Joseph 70 6 " " Blot la Quagone 90 8 " " Vigeron " Louse (barque) 30 4 " " Pet.i.t le Ruze (bateau) 40 4 " " Lagarde la Subtille 30 2 " " Verpre le Postilion 25 2

(Paris, Archives Coloniales, Corresp. gen. de St. Dom., vol. i.--Memoire sur l'estat de Saint Domingue a M. de Seignelay par M. de Cussy.)

SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ma.n.u.script Sources in England