Frying Pan Farm Part 9

That the farm family was no longer raising its own meat, that they had lost a good deal of control over the quality and availability of their daily necessities, that housewives viewed themselves as important and cohesive enough to organize a boycott, that farm commodities were no longer strictly under the regulation of the farmer, and that the government's interference was beginning to be questioned and resented were signs of radical change in rural economic and social structure. The farmer was no longer so isolated, nor so overtaxed with sheer physical labor. The price he paid for these advantages was diminis.h.i.+ng control over a way of life which had begun to slip away.

PART III--NOTES

_Professionalization and an Increased Standard of Living_

[157] Thomas A. Bailey, _The American Pageant_ (Boston, D. C. Heath, 1966), 416.

[158] _United States Congressional Record_, 1914, 1916, 1917.

[159] Beard/Pryor, February 27, 1979.

[160] Kolb and Brunner, _A Study of Rural Society_, 424.

[161] Harrison/Pryor, February 5, 1979; McNair, "What I Remember" and "Fred Curtice, Fairfax Dairy Farmer," _Was.h.i.+ngton Post_, October 24, 1978.

[162] "Poultry School at Fairfax," February 16, 1933; and "Two Day Poultry School a Success," March 2, 1933, both in _Herndon News-Observer_.

[163] Advertis.e.m.e.nt in _Herndon News-Observer_, June 4, 1925.

[164] Beard/Netherton/Reed, November, 1974.

[165] Derr Report, 1925, 14; and 1937 Report.

[166] Minutes of Meetings, Farmer's Club #1, Herndon, Virginia, October 1, 1909 to January 13, 1935, copy courtesy of Rebecca Middleton.

[167] "Dairymen to Meet," _Fairfax Herald_, August 30, 1935; "Floris Producers Active," _Herndon News-Observer_, January 22, 1925; Derr Report, 1927; for an outstanding example of a contract such as the one described, see contract between Burden S. Athey and Windsor Lodge Farm, Huntley, Virginia, May 31, 1933, in possession of Mrs. Mary Scott.

[168] Lucy Blake Report, 1938, 7.

[169] See all of the annual reports of home demonstration agents, especially Sarah E. Thomas Reports, 1933 and 1934; and Lucy Steptoe Report, 1936.

[170] For 4-H Club activity, see annual reports of home demonstration agents; and "The Short Course," _Fairfax Herald_, July 16, 1926.

[171] Derr Report, 1926.

[172] "Floris 'Aggies' Organize," _Herndon News-Observer_, January 13, 1926 (sic, 1927); and Ellmore/Middleton/Pryor, March 8, 1979.

[173] "Influence of Club Members," _Herndon News-Observer_.

[174] Muriel Wheeler, 4-H Record Book, Herndon Club, 1933, in 4-H Record File, in Virginiana.

[175] _15th Census of the United States, Agricultural Summary, 1930_; Kolb and Brunner, _A Study of Rural Society_, 387; and advertis.e.m.e.nt in _Herndon News-Observer_, March 26, 1925.

[176] Derr Report, 1935, 13; and Harrison/Pryor, February 5, 1979.

[177] Harrison/Pryor, February 5, 1979; and Rita Shug, "The Town of Herndon," unpublished monograph, George Mason University, May, 1973, 8.

[178] Harrison/Pryor, February 5, 1979.

[179] VPI, _Housing_, 26.

[180] _Ibid._, 14 and 26; "Farm Home Water Supply for Fairfax County,"

_Herndon News-Observer_, June 23, 1932; and Netherton, et al., _Fairfax County_, 519.

[181] Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, _Historic Progressive Fairfax County in Old Virginia_ (Alexandria, 1928), 35; Harrison/Pryor, February 5, 1979.

[182] Greear/Netherton, March 23, 1978; and interview with Emma Millard, by Dana Gumb, November 15, 1972.

[183] Beard/Harrison/Pryor, March 6, 1979.

[184] Minutes of Farmer's Club #1; and Resolution of Farmer's Club #14, n.d., copy found in Minutes of Farmer's Club #1.

[185] Derr Report, 1925, 14.

[186] Publicity Committee of Herndon Chamber of Commerce, "Facts Regarding Bond Issue Every Voter Should Know," 1924, copy courtesy of Holden Harrison; Robert T. Hawkes, Jr., "The Emergence of a Leader: Harry Flood Byrd, Governor of Virginia, 1926-1930," _Virginia Magazine of History and Biography_, Lx.x.xII, July 1, 1974, 281; _Historic Progressive Fairfax County_, 35.

[187] Agnes Rothery, _Virginia: The New Dominion_ (New York, 1940), 124-25.

[188] Derr Report, 1925.

[189] Lucy Blake Report, 1937, 7.

[190] "Improved Highways are Big Aid to the Farmer," _Herndon News-Observer_, December 30, 1926.

[191] McNair, "What I Remember."

[192] "A Unique Fairfax County Farm."

[193] "Cows Like Machines," _Herndon News-Observer_, April 28, 1932.

[194] _Report of the Commission to Study the Condition of the Farmers of Virginia to the General a.s.sembly of Virginia_ (Richmond, 1930), 35; and Lord, _Men of Earth_, 147.

[195] Jere Rusk quoted in Joseph Schafer, _The Social History of American Agriculture_ (New York, 1936), 159. This book also contains an excellent summary of the problems mechanization produced for the small farmer.

[196] Beard/Harrison/Pryor, March 6, 1979.

[197] "The Way Out for the Farmer," _Was.h.i.+ngton Star_, June 19, 1932, section 7, 3.

[198] Nickell and Randolph, _An Economic and Social Survey of Fairfax County_, 53; and _Agricultural Censes, 1925_ and _1940_. The figures are 21.9% mortgaged in 1924, 28.4% in 1925 and 30.25% in 1940.

[199] J. Middleton/Netherton, February 24, 1978.

[200] Derr Report, 1925, 8.

[201] Derr Report, 1921, 1.

[202] National Rural Electric Cooperative a.s.sociation, _Proceedings of Long Range Study Committee I-III_, November 1967-March 1968, (Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., 1969); and _Rural Electric Fact Book_ (Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., 1960).