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Latin for Beginners Part 55

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[Footnote 12: >, the most famous of all Roman roads, the great highway from Rome to Tarentum and Brundisium, with numerous branches. Locate on the map the various towns that are mentioned in the lines that follow.]

[Footnote 13: >, _Formiae_, one of the most beautiful spots on this coast, and a favorite site for the villas of rich Romans.]

[Footnote 14: >, abl. abs. The gen. > modifies >.]

[Footnote 15: >. What construction? Point out a similar one in the next line.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: BULLA]



LXVIII. PUBLIUS PUTS ON THE TOGA VIRILIS

Publius iam totum annum Romae morabatur[1] multaque urbis spectacula viderat et multos sibi[2] amicos paraverat. Ei[3] omnes favebant; [4]de eo omnes bene sperare poterant. Cotidie Publius scholas philosophorum et grammaticorum tanto studio frequentabat [5]ut aliis clarum exemplum praeberet. Saepe erat c.u.m patre in curia[6]; quae res effecit [7]ut summos rei publicae viros et audiret et videret. Ubi [8]sedecim annos natus est, bullam[9] auream et togam praetextam more Romano deposuit atque virilem togam sumpsit. Virilis autem toga erat omnino alba, sed praetexta clavum purpureum in margine habebat. [10]Deponere togam praetextam et sumere togam virilem erat res gratissima puero Romano, quod postea vir et civis Roma.n.u.s habebatur.

[11]His rebus gestis Lentulus ad uxorem suam has litteras scripsit:

[12]"Marcus Iuliae suae salutem dicit. Si vales, bene est; ego valeo.

Accepi tuas litteras. Has nunc Roma per servum fidelissimum mitto ut de Publio nostro quam celerrime scias. Nam hodie ei togam virilem dedi.

Ante lucem surrexi[13] et primum bullam auream de collo eius removi. Hac Laribus[14] consecrata et sacris factis, eum toga virili vestivi.

Interim plures amici c.u.m mult.i.tudine optimorum civium et honestorum clientium pervenerant [15]qui Publium domo in forum deducerent. Ibi in civitatem receptus est et nomen, Publius Cornelius Lentulus, apud civis Romanos ascriptum est. Omnes ei amicissimi fuerunt et magna[16] de eo praedic.u.n.t. Sapientior enim aequalibus[17] est et magnum ingenium habet.

[18]Cura ut valeas."

[Footnote 1: >, translate as if pluperfect.]

[Footnote 2: >, _for himself_.]

[Footnote 3: >, why dat.?]

[Footnote 4: >, in English, _all regarded him as a very promising youth;_ but what does the Latin say?]

[Footnote 5: >, --501.43.]

[Footnote 6: >, a famous building near the Roman Forum.]

[Footnote 7: >, --501.44.]

[Footnote 8: >, cf. p. 210, l. 5, and note.]

[Footnote 9: >, cf. p. 210, l. 3, and note 4.]

[Footnote 10: These infinitive clauses are the subject of >.

Cf. --216.]

[Footnote 11: >, i.e. the a.s.sumption of the _toga virilis_ and attendant ceremonies.]

[Footnote 12: Compare the beginning of this letter with the one on page 206.]

[Footnote 13: >, from >.]

[Footnote 14: The Lares were the spirits of the ancestors, and were wors.h.i.+ped as household G.o.ds. All that the house contained was confided to their care, and sacrifices were made to them daily.]

[Footnote 15: >, --350.]

[Footnote 16: >, _great things_, a neuter adj. used as a noun.]

[Footnote 17:

[Footnote 18: >, _take good care of your health_. How does the Latin express this idea?]

LXIX. PUBLIUS JOINS CaeSAR'S ARMY IN GAUL

Publius iam adulescens postquam togam virilem sumpsit, aliis rebus studere incepit et praesertim usu[1] armorum se[2] diligenter exercuit.

Magis magisque amavit illas artis quae militarem animum delectant.

Iamque erant [3]qui ei cursum militarem praedicerent. Nec sine causa, quod certe patris isigne exemplum [4]ita multum trahebat. [5]Paucis ante annis C. Iulius Caesar, duc.u.m Romanorum maximus, consul creatus erat et hoc tempore in Gallia bellum grave gerebat. Atque in exercitu eius plures adulescentes militabant, apud quos erat amicus quidam Publi. Ille Publium crebris litteris vehementer hortabatur [6]ut iter in Galliam faceret. Neque Publius recusavit, et, multis amicis ad portam urbis prosequentibus, ad Caesaris castra profectus est. Quarto die postquam iter ingressus est, ad Alpis, montis altissimos, pervenit. His summa difficultate superatis, tandem Gallorum in finibus erat. Primo autem veritus est ut[7] castris Romanis adpropinquare posset, quod Galli, maximis copiis coactis, Romanos obsidebant et vias omnis iam clauserant.

His rebus commotus Publius vestem Gallicam induit ne a Gallis caperetur, et ita per hostium copias incolumis ad castra pervenire potuit. Intra munitiones acceptus, a Caesare benigne exceptus est. Imperator fortem adulescentem amplissimis verbis laudavit et eum [8]tribunum militum creavit.

[Footnote 1: Abl. of means.]

[Footnote 2: >, reflexive object of >.]

[Footnote 3: >, --501.45.]

[Footnote 4: >, _had a great influence in that direction_.]

[Footnote 5:

>, _a few years before_; in Latin, _before by a few years_,

[Footnote 6: >, --501.41.]

[Footnote 7: >, how translated here? See --501.42.]

[Footnote 8: The _military tribune_ was a commissioned officer nearly corresponding to our rank of colonel. The tribunes were often inexperienced men, so Caesar did not allow them much responsibility.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: IMPEDIMENTA]

HOW THE ROMANS MARCHED AND CAMPED

Exercitus qui in hostium finibus bellum genit multis pericuis circ.u.mdatus est. [1]Quae pericula ut vitaret, Romani summam curam adhibere solebant. Adpropinquantees copiis hostium agmen ita disponebant [2]ut imperator ipse c.u.m plaribus legionibus expeditis[3] primum agmen duceret. Post eas copias impedimenta[4] totius exercitus conlocabant.

[5]Tum legiones quae proxime conscriptae erant totum agmen claudebant.

Equites quoque in omnis partis dimittebantur qui loca explorarent; et centuriones praemittebantur ut loc.u.m castris idoneum deligerent. Locus habebatur idoneus castris [6]qui facile defendi posset et prope aquam esset. Qua de causa castra[7] in colle ab utraque parte arduo, a fronte leniter declivi saepe ponebantur; vel locus paludibus cinctus vel in fluminis ripis situs deligebatur. Ad loc.u.m postquam exercitus pervenit, alii militum [8]in armis erant, alii castra munire incipiebant. Nam [9]quo tutiores ab hostibus milites essent, neve incauti et imparati opprimerentur, castra fossa lata et vallo alto muniebant. In castris portae quattuor erant ut eruptio militum omnis in partis fieri posset.

In angulis castrorum erant turres de quibus tela in hostis coniciebantur. [10]Talibus in castris qualia descripsimus Publius a Caesare exceptus est.

[Footnote 1: >, object of >. It is placed first to make a proper connection with the preceding sentence.]

[Footnote 2: >, --501.43.]

[Footnote 3: >, i.e. without baggage and ready for action.]

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