A History of Science Volume V Part 11

The only work of Hipparchus which has survived was published first by Vittorius at Florence, 1567. Hippocrates. See vol. i., p. 170.

Numerous editions have been published of the Hippo-cratic writings, including many works not written by the master himself. One of the best editions is that of Littre, Paris, 1839, etc.

Khamurabi, Codb op. See vol. i., p. 76.

This famous inscription is on a block of black diorite nearly eight feet in height. It was discovered at Susa by the French expedition under M.

de Morgan in December, 1901.

Leucippus. See vol. i., p. 161.

Pliny (Caius Plinius Secundus). See vol. i., p. 265.

His Natural History is available in several English editions and reprints. Perhaps the best edition of the original text is the one published by Julius Sillig, 5 vols., Leipzig, 1854-1859. Plutarch. See vol. i., p. 198.

Life of Marcellus, in Parallel Lives. In this the mechanical inventions of Archimedes are described. Polybius. See vol. i., p. 201.

In his Histories Polybius describes the mechanical contrivances and war-engines of Archimedes, and also gives an account of his death.

Ptolbmy (Claudius Ptolemaeus). See vol. i., p. 269.

Geographia (or Almagest of the Arabs). The edition published by n.o.bbe, in 3 vols., Leipzig, 1842, was one of the best complete editions of the Greek text. The edition published in Didot's Bibliotheca Cla.s.sicorum Grocorum, Paris, 1883, is excellent. Earlier editions contain many errors.

Strabo. See vol. i., p. 255.

The Geography of Strabo. Trans, by H. C. Hamilton and W. Falconer, 3 vols., London, 1857. There are several other editions of Strabo's work available in English.

Tertullian. See vol. i., p. 195.

Apologeticus. Theophrastus. See vol. i., p. 188.

Utpivlaroplas, On the History of Plants. Written in 10 books.

This is one of the earliest works on botany which have come to us.

It was largely used by Pliny. In complete works, Schneider, Leipzig, 1818-1821, 5 vols. On Plants, edited by Wimmer, Breslau, 247

1842-1862. On Plants, edited by Slackhouse, Oxford, 1814.

atria, On the Causes of Plants, This was originally in 8 books, of which 6 are now existant. Bibliog. vid. History of Plants.

II.--PERIOD COVERED BY VOLUME II.

Albategnius, Mohammed bbn Jabir. See vol. ii., p. 15.

The original MS. of his princ.i.p.al work, Zidje Sabt, is in the Vatican. A Latin translation was first published by Plato Tiburtinus at Nuremberg, in 1537, under the t.i.tle De scientia stellarunt. Various reprints of this have been made. Albertus Magnus. See vol. ii., p. 127.

Philosophic* Naturalis Isagoge, Vienna, 1514. Alhazen (full name, Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Alhasan). See vol. ii., p. 18.

Only two of his works have been printed, his Treatise on Twilight and his Thesaurus opticae, these being available in Michael Casiri's Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana Escuri-alensis, 2 vols., Madrid, 1760-1770.

Bacon, Francis. See vol. ii., p. 192.

Novum Organum was published in London, 1620. The Letters and Life of Lard Bacon, in 7 vols., by James Spedding, appeared in 1862-1874. Bacon, Roger. See vol. ii., p. 44.

Only an approximate estimate of the number of Bacon's works can be given even now, although an infinite amount of time and labor has been spent in collecting them. His great work is the Opus ma jus, "the Encyclopaedia and the Organum of the Thirteenth Century." A partial list of some of his other works is the following: Speculum alchemio, 1541 (trans, into English); De mirabili potestate artis et naturo, 1542 (trans, into English, 1659); Libellus de r.e.t.a.r.dants se-nectutis accidentibus, 1590 (trans, as "The Cure of Old. Age," 1683); and Sanioris medicino Magistri d. Rogeri Baconis Anglici de arte chymio scripta, 1603. 248

Boyle, Robert. See vol. ii., p. 205.

Philosophical Works, 3 vols., London, 1738.

Copernicus, Nicolaus. See vol. ii., p. 54.

Ad clar. v. d. Schonerum de libris revolutionism eruditiss. viri et mathemattci excellentiss. Rev. Doctoris Nicolai Copernici Torunnaei, Canonici Warmiensis, per quemdam juvenem mathematico studio sum, Narratio prima, Dantzic, 1540. This was the first published statement of the doctrine of Copernicus, and was a letter published by Rheticus.

Three years afterwards Copernicus's De orbium colestium revolutionibus, Libri VI., was published at Nuremberg (1543).

Descartes, Rene. See vol. ii., p. 193.

Traite de Vhomme (Cousins's edition, in 11 vols., Paris, 1824).

Galilei, Galileo. See vol. ii., p. 91.

Dialogo dei due ma.s.simi sistemi del mondo, Florence, 1632. Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienze, Leyden, 1638.

Gilbert, William (1540-1603). See vol. ii., p. 113.

De magnete, magneticisque corporibus, et de magno magnete tellure, London, 1600. De magnete was trans. by P. Fleury Motteley, London, 1893.

Guericke, Otto von (1620-1686). See vol. ii., p. 213.

Experimenta nova, ut vocant, Magdeburgica de vacuo spatio, Amsterdam, 1672. In the Phil. Trans, of the Royal Society of London, No. 88, for 1672.

Hales, Stephen (1677-1761). See vol. ii., p. 298.

Statical Essays, comprising Vegetable Staticks, London, 1727, and h.o.m.ostatics, London, 1733. Harvey, William. See vol. ii., p. 169.

Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis, Frankfort-on-Main, 1628. The Works of, trans, by Robert Willis, London, 1847. Hauksbeb, Francis. See vol. ii., p. 259.

Physico-Mechanical Experiments on Various Subjects, London, 1709. This contains descriptions of his various discoveries in electricity, many of which are given in the Phil. Trans.

Hooee, Robert. See vol. ii., p. 215.

Micrographia, or Some Philosophical Descriptions of Some Minute Bodies, London, 1665. An Attempt to Prove the Motion of the Earth, London, 1674.

Microscopical Observations, London, 1780. Most of Hooke's important discoveries were contributed as papers to the Royal Society and are available in the Phil. Trans.

Huygens, Christian (1629-1695). See vol. ii., p. 218.

Traite de la lumiere, Leyden, 1690. Complete works were published at The Hague in 1888, under thet.i.t le Ouvres completes, by the Societe Hollandaise des Sciences. These books have not been translated into English. Huygens's famous paper on the laws governing the collision of elastic bodies appeared in the Phil. Trans, of the Royal Society for 1669.

Kepler, Johann. See vol. ii., p. 70.

Astronomia nova de motibus Stella Mortis, Leipzig, 1609, contains Kepler's two first laws; and Harmonices mundi, 1619, contains the third law, Ph.o.m.omenon singulare, seu Mercurius in sole, Leipzig, 1609. Joannis KepUri opera omnia, in 8 vols., Frankfort, 1858-1871.

Leeuwenhoek, Anthony van. See vol. ii., p. 179.