In The Garden Of Beasts Part 14

The city seemed to vibrate with a background thrum of danger, as if an immense power line had been laid through its center. Everyone in Dodd's circle felt it. Partly this tension arose from the unusual May weather and the concomitant fears of a failed harvest, but the main engine of anxiety was the intensifying discord between Captain Rohm's Storm Troopers and the regular army. A popular metaphor used at the time to describe the atmosphere in Berlin was that of an approaching thunderstorm-that sense of charged and suspended air.

Dodd had little chance to settle back into the rhythms of work.

The day after his return from America, he faced the prospect of hosting a giant good-bye banquet for Messersmith, who had at last managed to secure for himself a loftier post, though not in Prague, his original target. Compet.i.tion for that job had been robust, and although Messersmith had lobbied hard and persuaded allies of all stripes to write letters to bolster his bid, in the end the job went to someone else. Instead, Undersecretary Phillips had offered Messersmith another vacant post: Uruguay. If Messersmith had been disappointed, he had not shown it. He had counted himself lucky simply to be leaving the consular service behind. But then his luck had gotten better still. The post of amba.s.sador to Austria suddenly had become vacant, and Messersmith was the obvious choice for the job. Roosevelt agreed. Now Messersmith truly was delighted. So too was Dodd, just to have him gone, though he'd have preferred to have him at the other side of the world.

There were many parties for Messersmith-for a time every dinner and luncheon in Berlin seemed to be in his honor-but the U.S. emba.s.sy's banquet on May 18 was the biggest and most official. While Dodd was in America, Mrs. Dodd, with the a.s.sistance of emba.s.sy protocol experts, had overseen the creation of a four-page, single-s.p.a.ced list of guests that seemed to include everyone of import, except Hitler. To anyone knowledgeable about Berlin society, the real fascination was not who attended, but who did not. Goring and Goebbels sent their regrets, as did Vice-Chancellor Papen and Rudolf Diels. Defense Minister Blomberg came, but not SA chief Rohm.

Bella Fromm attended, and so did Sigrid Schultz and various of Martha's friends, including Putzi Hanfstaengl, Armand Berard, and Prince Louis Ferdinand. This mixture by itself added to the aura of tension in the room, for Berard still loved Martha and Prince Louis mooned for her, though her adoration remained utterly fixed on Boris (absent, interestingly, from the invitation list). Martha's handsome young Hitler liaison, Hans "Tommy" Thomsen, came, as did his ofttimes companion, the dark and lushly beautiful Elmina Rangabe, but there was a hitch this night-Tommy brought his wife. There was heat, champagne, pa.s.sion, jealousy, and that background sense of something unpleasant building just over the horizon.

Bella Fromm chatted briefly with Hanfstaengl and recorded the encounter in her diary.

"I wonder why we were asked today," Hanfstaengl said. "All this excitement about Jews. Messersmith is one. So is Roosevelt. The party detests them."

"Dr. Hanfstaengl," Fromm said, "we've discussed this before. You don't have to put on that kind of an act with me."

"All right. Even if they are Aryan, you'd never know it from their actions."

At the moment Fromm was not feeling particularly solicitous of n.a.z.i goodwill. Two weeks earlier her daughter, Gonny, had left for America, with Messersmith's help, leaving Fromm saddened but relieved. A week before that, the newspaper Vossische Zeitung- Vossische Zeitung-"Auntie Voss," where she had worked for years-had closed. She felt more and more that an epoch in which she once had thrived was coming to an end.

She said to Hanfstaengl, "Of course if you're going to do away with right and wrong, and make it Aryan and non-Aryan, it leaves people who happen to have rather old-fas.h.i.+oned notions about what is right and wrong, what is decent and what is obscene, without much ground to stand on."

She turned the conversation back to the subject of Messersmith, whom she described as being so revered by his colleagues "that he is practically regarded as having amba.s.sadorial rank," a remark that would have irritated Dodd no end.

Hanfstaengl softened his voice. "All right, all right," he said. "I have lots of friends in the United States, and all of them side with the Jews, too. But since it is insisted on in the party program-" He stopped there in a kind of verbal shrug. He reached into his pocket, and pulled out a small bag of candy fruit drops. Lutschbonbons Lutschbonbons. Bella had loved them as a child.

"Have one," Hanfstaengl said. "They are made especially for the Fuhrer Fuhrer."

She chose one. Just before she popped it into her mouth she saw that it was embossed with a swastika. Even fruit drops had been "coordinated."

The conversation turned to the political warfare that was causing so much unease. Hanfstaengl told her that Rohm coveted control not only of the German army but also of Goring's air force. "Hermann is in a rage!" Hanfstaengl said. "You can do anything to him except fool around with his Luftwaffe, and he could murder Rohm in cold blood." He asked: "Do you know Himmler?"

Fromm nodded.

Hanfstaengl said, "He was a chicken farmer, when he wasn't on duty spying for the Reichswehr. He kicked Diels out of the Gestapo. Himmler can't stand anybody, but Rohm least of all. Now they're all ganged up against Rohm: Rosenberg, Goebbels, and the chicken farmer." The Rosenberg he mentioned was Alfred Rosenberg, an ardent anti-Semite and head of the n.a.z.i Party's foreign bureau.

After recounting the conversation in her diary, Fromm added, "There is n.o.body among the officials of the National Socialist party who would not cheerfully cut the throat of every other official in order to further his own advancement."

IT WAS A MEASURE of the strange new climate of Berlin that another dinner party, wholly innocuous, should prove to have profoundly lethal consequences. The host was a wealthy banker named Wilhelm Regendanz, a friend of the Dodds, though happily the Dodds were not invited on this particular occasion. Regendanz held the dinner one evening in May at his luxurious villa in Dahlem, in the southwestern portion of greater Berlin known for its lovely homes and its proximity to the Grunewald. of the strange new climate of Berlin that another dinner party, wholly innocuous, should prove to have profoundly lethal consequences. The host was a wealthy banker named Wilhelm Regendanz, a friend of the Dodds, though happily the Dodds were not invited on this particular occasion. Regendanz held the dinner one evening in May at his luxurious villa in Dahlem, in the southwestern portion of greater Berlin known for its lovely homes and its proximity to the Grunewald.

Regendanz, father of seven, was a member of the Stahlhelm, or Steel Helmets, an organization of former army officers with a conservative bent. He liked bringing together men of diverse position for meals, discussions, and lectures. To this particular dinner Regendanz invited two prominent guests, French amba.s.sador Francois-Poncet and Captain Rohm, both of whom had been to the house on past occasions.

Rohm arrived accompanied by three young SA officers, among them a curly-headed blond male adjutant nicknamed "Count Pretty," who was Rohm's secretary and, rumor held, his occasional lover. Hitler would later describe this meeting as a "secret dinner," though in fact the guests made no attempt to disguise their presence. They parked their cars in front of the house in full view of the street, with their tell-all license plates fully exposed.

The guests were an odd match. Francois-Poncet disliked the SA chief, as he made clear in his memoir, The Fateful Years The Fateful Years. "Having always entertained the liveliest repugnance toward Rohm," he wrote, "I avoided him as much as possible despite the eminent role he played in the Third Reich." But Regendanz had "begged" Francois-Poncet to come.

Later, in a letter to the Gestapo, Regendanz tried to explain his insistence on getting the two men together. He laid the impetus for the dinner on Francois-Poncet, who, he claimed, had expressed frustration at not being able to meet with Hitler himself and had asked Regendanz to speak with someone close to Hitler to communicate his desire for a meeting. Regendanz suggested that Rohm might prove a worthy intermediary. At the time of the dinner, Regendanz claimed, he was unaware of the rift between Rohm and Hitler-"on the contrary," he told the Gestapo, "it was a.s.sumed that Rohm was the man who absolutely had the confidence of the Fuhrer Fuhrer and was his follower. In other words one believed that one was informing the and was his follower. In other words one believed that one was informing the Fuhrer Fuhrer when one informed Rohm." when one informed Rohm."

For dinner, the men were joined by Mrs. Regendanz and a son, Alex, who was preparing to become an international lawyer. After the meal, Rohm and the French amba.s.sador retired to Regendanz's library for an informal conversation. Rohm talked of military matters and disclaimed any interest in politics, declaring that he saw himself only as a soldier, an officer. "The result of this conversation," Regendanz told the Gestapo, "was literally nothing."

The evening came to an end-mercifully, in Francois-Poncet's opinion. "The meal was dismal, the conversation insignificant," he recalled. "I found Rohm sleepy and heavy; he woke up only to complain of his health and the rheumatism he expected to nurse at Wiessee," a reference to Bad Wiessee, where Rohm planned a lakeside sojourn to take a cure. "Returning home," Francois-Poncet wrote, "I cursed our host for the evening's boredom."

How the Gestapo learned of the dinner and its guests isn't known, but by this point Rohm most certainly was under close surveillance. The license plates of the cars parked at Regendanz's house would have tipped any watcher off to the ident.i.ties of the men within.

The dinner became infamous. Later, in midsummer, Britain's Amba.s.sador Phipps would observe in his diary that of the seven people who sat down to dine at the Regendanz mansion that night, four had been murdered, one had fled the country under threat of death, and another had been imprisoned in a concentration camp.

Phipps wrote, "The list of casualties for one dinner party might make even a Borgia envious."

AND THERE WAS THIS:.

On Thursday, May 24, Dodd walked to a luncheon with a senior official of the foreign ministry, Hans-Heinrich Dieckhoff, whom Dodd described as being "what amounts to a.s.sistant Secretary of State." They met at a small, discreet restaurant on Unter den Linden, the wide boulevard that ran due east from the Brandenburg Gate, and there they engaged in a conversation that Dodd found extraordinary.

Dodd's main reason for wanting to see Dieckhoff was to express his dismay at having been made to seem naive by Goebbels's Jews-as-syphilis speech after all he had done to quiet Jewish protests in America. He reminded Dieckhoff of the Reich's announced intent to close the Columbia House prison and to require warrants for all arrests and of other a.s.surances that Germany "was easing up on the Jewish atrocities."

Dieckhoff was sympathetic. He confessed to his own dim view of Goebbels and told Dodd he expected that soon Hitler would be overthrown. Dodd wrote in his diary that Dieckhoff "gave what he considered good evidence that the Germans would not much longer endure the system under which they were drilled everlastingly and semi-starved."

Such candor amazed Dodd. Dieckhoff spoke as freely as if he were in England or the United States, Dodd noted, even to the point of expressing the hope that Jewish protests in America would continue. Without them, Dieckhoff said, the chances of overthrowing Hitler would diminish.

Dodd knew that even for a man of Dieckhoff's rank such talk was dangerous. He wrote, "I felt the deep concern of a high official who could thus risk his life in criticism of the existing regime."

After exiting the restaurant, the two men walked west along Unter den Linden toward Wilhelmstra.s.se, the main government thoroughfare. They parted, Dodd wrote, "rather sadly."

Dodd returned to his office, worked a couple of hours, then took a long walk around the Tiergarten.

CHAPTER 40.

A Writer's Retreat The increasing evidence of social and political oppression came more and more to trouble Martha, in spite of her enthusiasm for the bright, blond young men whom Hitler attracted by the thousands. One of the most important moments in her education came in May when a friend, Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt, a regular in the salon of Mildred and Arvid Harnack, invited her and Mildred to accompany him for a visit to one of the few prominent authors who had not joined the great flight of artistic talent from n.a.z.i Germany-an exodus that included Fritz Lang, Marlene Dietrich, Walter Gropius, Thomas and Heinrich Mann, Bertolt Brecht, Albert Einstein, and composer Otto Klemperer, whose son, actor Werner Klemperer, would go on to portray a kindly, befuddled n.a.z.i prison-camp commandant in the TV series Hogan's Heroes Hogan's Heroes. Ledig-Rowohlt was the illegitimate son of publisher Ernst Rowohlt and worked as an editor in his father's company. The author in question was Rudolf Ditzen, known universally by his pseudonym, Hans Fallada.

The visit was supposed to take place earlier in the year, but Fallada had postponed it until May because of his anxiety over the publication of his latest book, Once a Jailbird Once a Jailbird. By this point Fallada had achieved considerable fame worldwide for his novel Little Man-What Now? Little Man-What Now?, about one couple's struggle during the economic and social upheaval of the Weimar Republic. What made Once a Jailbird Once a Jailbird a subject of such anxiety for Fallada was the fact that it was his first major work to be published since Hitler had become chancellor. He was uncertain of his standing in the eyes of Goebbels's Reich Literary Chamber, which claimed the right to decide what const.i.tuted acceptable literature. To try to smooth the way for his new book, Fallada included in its introduction a statement that praised the n.a.z.is for ensuring that the awful situation at the center of the book could no longer occur. Even his publisher, Rowohlt, thought Fallada had gone too far and told him the introduction "does seem rather TOO ingratiating." Fallada kept it. a subject of such anxiety for Fallada was the fact that it was his first major work to be published since Hitler had become chancellor. He was uncertain of his standing in the eyes of Goebbels's Reich Literary Chamber, which claimed the right to decide what const.i.tuted acceptable literature. To try to smooth the way for his new book, Fallada included in its introduction a statement that praised the n.a.z.is for ensuring that the awful situation at the center of the book could no longer occur. Even his publisher, Rowohlt, thought Fallada had gone too far and told him the introduction "does seem rather TOO ingratiating." Fallada kept it.

In the months following Hitler's ascension to chancellor, the German writers who were not outright n.a.z.is had quickly divided into two camps-those who believed it was immoral to remain in Germany and those who felt the best strategy was to stay put, recede as much as possible from the world, and wait for the collapse of the Hitler regime. The latter approach became known as "inner emigration," and was the path Fallada had chosen.

Martha asked Boris to come along as well. He agreed, despite his previously stated view that Mildred was someone Martha should avoid.

THEY SET OUT on the morning of Sunday, May 27, for the three-hour drive to Fallada's farmhouse in Carwitz, in the lake country of Mecklenburg north of Berlin. Boris drove his Ford and of course left the top down. The morning was cool and soft, the roads mostly free of traffic. Once outside the city, Boris accelerated. The Ford sped along country roads lined with chestnut and acacia, the air fragrant with spring. on the morning of Sunday, May 27, for the three-hour drive to Fallada's farmhouse in Carwitz, in the lake country of Mecklenburg north of Berlin. Boris drove his Ford and of course left the top down. The morning was cool and soft, the roads mostly free of traffic. Once outside the city, Boris accelerated. The Ford sped along country roads lined with chestnut and acacia, the air fragrant with spring.

Halfway through the drive, the landscape darkened. "Little sharp lines of lightning lit up the sky," Martha recalled, "and the scene was wild and violent with color, intense electric green and violet, lavender and gray." A sudden rain sent pellets of water exploding against the windscreen, but even here, to the delight of all, Boris kept the top down. The car raced along on a cloud of spray.

Abruptly the sky cleared, leaving sun-shafted steam and sudden color, as if they were driving through a painting. The scent of newly moist ground filled the air.

As they neared Carwitz, they entered a terrain of hills, meadows, and bright blue lakes, laced together with sandy paths. The houses and barns were simple boxes with steeply pitched roofs. They were only three hours from Berlin, yet the place seemed remote and hidden.

Boris brought the Ford to a stop at an old farmhouse beside a lake. The house stood at the base of a tongue of land called the Bohnenwerder that jutted into the lake and was mounded with hills.

Fallada emerged from the house trailed by a young boy of about four and Fallada's blond and buxom wife, who held their second child, a baby. A dog bounded out as well. Fallada was a boxy man with a square head, wide mouth, and cheekbones so round and hard they might have been golf b.a.l.l.s implanted under his skin. His gla.s.ses had dark frames and circular lenses. He and his wife gave the new arrivals a brief tour of the farm, which they had bought using the proceeds from Little Man Little Man. Martha was struck by the apparent contentment of both.

It was Mildred who brought to the fore the questions that had been in the air since the group's arrival, though she was careful to shade them with nuance. As she and Fallada strolled to the lake, according to a detailed account by one of Fallada's biographers, she talked about her life in America and how she used to enjoy walking along the sh.o.r.e of Lake Michigan.

Fallada said, "It must be difficult for you to live in a foreign country, especially when your interest is literature and language."

True, she told him, "but it can also be difficult to live in one's own country when one's concern is literature."

Fallada lit a cigarette.

Speaking now very slowly, Fallada said, "I could never write in another language, nor live in any other place than Germany."

Mildred countered: "Perhaps, Herr Ditzen, it is less important where one lives than how one lives."

Fallada said nothing.

After a moment, Mildred asked, "Can one write what one wishes here these days?"

"That depends on one's point of view," he said. There were difficulties and demands, words to be avoided, but in the end language endured, he said. "Yes, I believe one can still write here in these times if one observes the necessary regulations and gives in a little. Not in the important things, of course."

Mildred asked: "What is important and what unimportant?"

THERE WAS LUNCH AND COFFEE. Martha and Mildred walked to the top of the Bohnenwerder to admire the view. A soft haze muted edges and colors and created an overall sense of peace. Down below, however, Fallada's mood had turned stormy. He and Ledig-Rowohlt played chess. The subject of Fallada's introduction to Jailbird Jailbird came up, and Ledig-Rowohlt questioned its necessity. He told Fallada it had been a topic of conversation during the drive to Carwitz. Upon hearing this, Fallada grew angry. He resented being the subject of gossip and disputed whether anyone had a right to judge him, least of all a couple of American women. came up, and Ledig-Rowohlt questioned its necessity. He told Fallada it had been a topic of conversation during the drive to Carwitz. Upon hearing this, Fallada grew angry. He resented being the subject of gossip and disputed whether anyone had a right to judge him, least of all a couple of American women.

When Martha and Mildred returned, the conversation continued, and Mildred joined in. Martha listened as best she could, but her German was not yet expert enough to allow her to pick up enough detail to make sense of it. She could tell, however, that Mildred was "gently probing" Fallada's retreat from the world. His unhappiness at being thus challenged was obvious.

Later, Fallada walked them through his house-it had seven rooms, electric light, a s.p.a.cious attic, and various warming stoves. He showed them his library, with its many foreign editions of his own books, and then led them to the room in which his infant son now was napping. Martha wrote: "He revealed uneasiness and self-consciousness, though he tried to be proud and happy in the infant, in his self-tilled garden, in his simple buxom wife, in the many translations and editions of his books lining the shelves. But he was an unhappy man."

Fallada took photographs of the group; Boris did likewise. During the journey back to Berlin, the four companions again talked about Fallada. Mildred described him as cowardly and weak but then added, "He has a conscience and that is good. He is not happy, he is not a n.a.z.i, he is not hopeless."

Martha recorded another impression: "I saw the stamp of naked fear on a writer's face for the first time."

FALLADA BECAME, ULTIMATELY, a controversial figure in German literature, reviled in some quarters for his failure to stand up to the n.a.z.is but defended in others for not choosing the safer path of exile. In the years that followed Martha's visit, Fallada found himself increasingly compelled to bend his writing to the demands of the n.a.z.i state. He turned to preparing translations for Rowohlt, among them Clarence Day's Life with Father Life with Father, then very popular in the United States, and to writing innocuous works that he hoped would not offend n.a.z.i sensibilities, among them a collection of children's stories about a child's pull toy, Hoppelpoppel, Wo bist du? Hoppelpoppel, Wo bist du? (Hoppelpoppel, Where Are You?). (Hoppelpoppel, Where Are You?).

He found his career briefly invigorated with publication in 1937 of a novel ent.i.tled Wolf Among Wolves Wolf Among Wolves, which party officials interpreted as a worthy attack on the old Weimar world and which Goebbels himself described as "a super book." Even so, Fallada made more and more concessions, eventually allowing Goebbels to script the ending of his next novel, Iron Gustav Iron Gustav, which depicted the hards.h.i.+ps of life during the past world war. Fallada saw this as a prudent concession. "I do not like grand gestures," he wrote; "being slaughtered before the tyrant's throne, senselessly, to the benefit of no one and to the detriment of my children, that is not my way."

He recognized, however, that his various capitulations took a toll on his writing. He wrote to his mother that he was not satisfied with his work. "I cannot act as I want to-if I want to stay alive. And so a fool gives less than he has."

Other writers, in exile, watched with disdain as Fallada and his fellow inner emigrants surrendered to government tastes and demands. Thomas Mann, who lived abroad throughout the Hitler years, later wrote their epitaph: "It may be superst.i.tious belief, but in my eyes, any books which could be printed at all in Germany between 1933 and 1945 are worse than worthless and not objects one wishes to touch. A stench of blood and shame attaches to them. They should all be pulped."

THE FEAR AND OPPRESSION that Martha saw in Fallada crowned a rising mountain of evidence that throughout the spring had begun to erode her infatuation with the new Germany. Her blind endors.e.m.e.nt of Hitler's regime first faded to a kind of sympathetic skepticism, but as summer approached, she felt a deepening revulsion. that Martha saw in Fallada crowned a rising mountain of evidence that throughout the spring had begun to erode her infatuation with the new Germany. Her blind endors.e.m.e.nt of Hitler's regime first faded to a kind of sympathetic skepticism, but as summer approached, she felt a deepening revulsion.

Where once she had been able to wave away the beating incident in Nuremberg as an isolated episode, now she recognized that German persecution of Jews was a national pastime. She found herself repulsed by the constant thunder of n.a.z.i propaganda that portrayed Jews as enemies of the state. Now when she listened to the anti-n.a.z.i talk of Mildred and Arvid Harnack and their friends, she no longer felt quite so inclined to defend the "strange beings" of the fledgling revolution whom she once had found so entrancing. "By the spring of 1934," she wrote, "what I had heard, seen, and felt, revealed to me that conditions of living were worse than in pre-Hitler days, that the most complicated and heartbreaking system of terror ruled the country and repressed the freedom and happiness of the people, and that German leaders were inevitably leading these docile and kindly ma.s.ses into another war against their will and their knowledge."

She was not yet willing, however, to openly declare her new att.i.tude to the world. "I still attempted to keep my hostility guarded and unexpressed."

Instead, she revealed it obliquely by proclaiming in deliberately contrarian fas.h.i.+on a new and energetic interest in the Hitler regime's greatest enemy, the Soviet Union. She wrote, "A curiosity began to grow in me as to the nature of this government, so loathed in Germany, and its people, described as so utterly ruthless."

Against her parents' wishes, but with Boris's encouragement, she began planning a journey to the Soviet Union.

BY JUNE, DODD HAD COME to see that the "Jewish problem," as he continued to call it, was anything but improved. Now, he told Secretary Hull in a letter, "the prospect of a cessation appears far less hopeful." Like Messersmith, he saw that persecution was pervasive, even if it had changed character to become "more subtle and less advertised." to see that the "Jewish problem," as he continued to call it, was anything but improved. Now, he told Secretary Hull in a letter, "the prospect of a cessation appears far less hopeful." Like Messersmith, he saw that persecution was pervasive, even if it had changed character to become "more subtle and less advertised."

In May, he reported, the n.a.z.i Party had launched a campaign against "grumblers and faultfinders" that was meant to reenergize Gleichschaltung Gleichschaltung. Inevitably it also increased pressure on Jews. Goebbels's newspaper Der Angriff Der Angriff began urging readers "to keep a sharp eye on the Jews and report any of their shortcomings," Dodd wrote. The Jewish owners of the began urging readers "to keep a sharp eye on the Jews and report any of their shortcomings," Dodd wrote. The Jewish owners of the Frankfurter Zeitung Frankfurter Zeitung had been forced to abandon their controlling interest, as had the last Jewish owners of the famed Ullstein publis.h.i.+ng empire. A large rubber company was told it must provide proof that it had no Jewish employees before it could submit bids to munic.i.p.alities. The German Red Cross was suddenly required to certify that new contributors were of Aryan origin. And two judges in two different cities granted permission to two men to divorce their wives for the sole reason that the women were Jewish, reasoning that such marriages would yield mixed offspring that would only weaken the German race. had been forced to abandon their controlling interest, as had the last Jewish owners of the famed Ullstein publis.h.i.+ng empire. A large rubber company was told it must provide proof that it had no Jewish employees before it could submit bids to munic.i.p.alities. The German Red Cross was suddenly required to certify that new contributors were of Aryan origin. And two judges in two different cities granted permission to two men to divorce their wives for the sole reason that the women were Jewish, reasoning that such marriages would yield mixed offspring that would only weaken the German race.

Dodd wrote: "These instances and others of lesser importance reveal a different method in the treatment of the Jews-a method perhaps less calculated to bring repercussions from abroad, but reflecting nonetheless the n.a.z.is' determination to force the Jews out of the country."

Germany's Aryan population also experienced a new tightening of control. In another dispatch written the same day, Dodd described how the Ministry of Education had announced that the school week would be divided in such a way that Sat.u.r.days and Wednesday evenings would be devoted to the demands of the Hitler Youth.

Henceforth Sat.u.r.day was to be called the Staatsjugendtag, the State's Day for Youth.

THE WEATHER REMAINED WARM, with scant rain. On Sat.u.r.day, June 2, 1934, with temperatures in the eighties, Amba.s.sador Dodd wrote in his diary: "Germany looks dry for the first time; trees and fields are yellow. The papers are full of accounts of the drought in Bavaria and in the United States as well."

In Was.h.i.+ngton, Moffat also took note of the weather. In his diary he called it "the great heat" and cited Sunday, May 20, as the day it had begun, with a high of ninety-three degrees. In his office.

No one knew it yet, of course, but America had entered the second of a series of cataclysmic droughts that soon would transform the Great Plains into the Dust Bowl.

CHAPTER 41.

Trouble at the Neighbor's As summer neared, the sense of unease in Berlin became acute. The mood was "tense and electric," Martha wrote. "Everyone felt there was something in the air but did not know what it was."

The strange atmosphere and the fragile condition of Germany were topics of conversation at a late-afternoon Tee-Empfang Tee-Empfang-a tea party-hosted by Putzi Hanfstaengl on Friday, June 8, 1934, which the Dodd family attended.

On their way home from the tea, the Dodds could not help but notice that something unusual was happening in Bendlerstra.s.se, the last side street they pa.s.sed before reaching their house. There, in easy view, stood the buildings of the Bendler Block, army headquarters. Indeed, the Dodds and the army were almost back-fence neighbors-a man with a strong arm could throw a stone from the family's yard and expect to break one of the army's windows.

The change was obvious. Soldiers stood on the roofs of headquarters buildings. Heavily armed patrols moved along the sidewalks. Army trucks and Gestapo cars clogged the street.

These forces remained throughout Friday night and Sat.u.r.day. Then, Sunday morning, June 10, the troops and trucks were gone.

At the Dodds' house a coolness spread outward from the forested ground of the Tiergarten. There were riders in the park, as always, and the thud of hooves was audible in the Sunday-morning quiet.

CHAPTER 42.

Hermann's Toys A mid the many rumors of coming upheaval, it remained difficult for Dodd and his peers in the diplomatic corps to imagine that Hitler, Goring, and Goebbels could endure much longer. Dodd still saw them as inept and dangerous adolescents-"16 year olds," as he now put it-who found themselves confronting an acc.u.mulation of daunting troubles. The drought grew steadily more severe. The economy showed little sign of improvement, other than the illusory decline in unemployment. The rift between Rohm and Hitler seemed to have deepened. And there continued to be moments-strange, ludicrous moments-that suggested that Germany was merely the stage set for some grotesque comedy, not a serious country in a serious time. mid the many rumors of coming upheaval, it remained difficult for Dodd and his peers in the diplomatic corps to imagine that Hitler, Goring, and Goebbels could endure much longer. Dodd still saw them as inept and dangerous adolescents-"16 year olds," as he now put it-who found themselves confronting an acc.u.mulation of daunting troubles. The drought grew steadily more severe. The economy showed little sign of improvement, other than the illusory decline in unemployment. The rift between Rohm and Hitler seemed to have deepened. And there continued to be moments-strange, ludicrous moments-that suggested that Germany was merely the stage set for some grotesque comedy, not a serious country in a serious time.

Sunday, June 10, 1934, provided one such episode, when Dodd, French amba.s.sador Francois-Poncet, and Britain's Sir Eric Phipps, along with three dozen other guests, attended a kind of open house at Goring's vast estate an hour's drive north of Berlin. He had named it Carinhall for his dead Swedish wife, Carin, whom he revered; later in the month he planned to exhume her body from its resting place in Sweden, transport it to Germany, and entomb it in a mausoleum on the estate grounds. Today, however, Goring wanted merely to show off his forests and his new bison enclosure, where he hoped to breed the creatures and then turn them loose on his grounds.