Great Soul_ Mahatma Gandhi And His Struggle With India Part 17

CHAPTER 6: WAKING INDIA.

1He was more "at home": CWMG CWMG, vol. 13, p. 5.

2"teach them why India": Ibid., p. 195.

3He makes a point: Hindustani, the spoken language of the North Indian street (and Bollywood), derives its vocabulary from both Sanskrit and Persian, through Hindi and Urdu.

4"I should have thought": CWMG CWMG, vol. 21, p. 14.

5"In India, what we want": Ibid., p. 73.

6"I do not believe": Ibid., vol. 16, p. 282.

7"the malady of foot-touching": Ibid., vol. 20, p. 511. Ibid., vol. 20, p. 511.

8"In the mere touch": Mahadev Desai, Day-to-Day with Gandhi Day-to-Day with Gandhi, vol. 3, p. 286.

9"At night": Fischer, Life of Mahatma Gandhi Life of Mahatma Gandhi, p. 233.

10Later, his devoted English follower: News Chronicle News Chronicle (London), Sept. 7, 1930. (London), Sept. 7, 1930.

11Gandhi's first Indian Boswell: Mahadev Desai, Day-to-Day with Gandhi Day-to-Day with Gandhi, vol. 3, p. 265.

12"We have come for the darshan": Ibid., p. 264.

13"the people got frightened": CWMG CWMG, vol. 19, p. 374.

14"the four pillars": Ibid., vol. 23, p. 53.

15The throngs that turned: See Amin, "Gandhi as Mahatma," pp. 290340.

16"No Indian who aspires": CWMG CWMG, vol. 14, p. 201.

17"morality in action": Brown, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 82.

18Those Gandhi called: CWMG CWMG, vol. 14, pp. 80, 201.

19Fewer than 1 million: Ibid., vol. 14, p. 203.

20Seen that way: Ibid., vol. 13, p. 200.

21Writing to Hermann Kallenbach: Ibid., vol. 96, p. 212.

22"I am an outsider": Nanda, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 165.

23But Gandhi had large ambitions: CWMG CWMG, vol. 13, p. 33.

24At Gokhale's death: Nanda, Three Statesmen Three Statesmen, p. 170; also Heimsath, Indian Nationalism and Hindu Social Reform Indian Nationalism and Hindu Social Reform, pp. 24143.

25They took seven vows: CWMG CWMG, vol. 13, p. 91.

26About half its original intake: A thumbnail sketch of Imam Abdul Kader Salim Bawazir, originally of Johannesburg's Hamidia Mosque, is provided by Gopalkrishna Gandhi, A Frank Friends.h.i.+p A Frank Friends.h.i.+p, p. 75.

27"The object of the Ashram": CWMG CWMG, vol. 13, p. 91.

28"I cannot imagine": Ibid., vol. 23, p. 102.

29"an instrument for the revival": As quoted by Rajmohan Gandhi in Eight Lives Eight Lives, p. 150.

30"I believe that Hindus": Cited in Rajaram, Gandhi, Khilafat, and the National Movement Gandhi, Khilafat, and the National Movement, p. 8.

31Muhammad Ali, a polished: Nanda, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 202.

32"I came to observe": Gandhi, Autobiography Autobiography, p. 349.

33Soon he drafted: Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 1, p. 162; Pyarelal and Nayar, In Gandhiji's Mirror In Gandhiji's Mirror, p. 101.

34"A humble and honest": Narayan Desai, My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, vol. 2, Satyagraha Satyagraha, p. 17.

35"I have taken in a Pariah": CWMG CWMG, vol. 96, p. 223.

36"I have told Mrs. Gandhi": Ibid., vol. 13, pp. 12728.

37"she's making my life h.e.l.l": Ibid., vol. 96, p. 225.

38"I had to undertake": Ibid., p. 227.

39"I have been deserted": Ibid., p. 225.

40Most will trickle back: Pyarelal and Nayar, In Gandhiji's Mirror In Gandhiji's Mirror, p. 102.

41"Your not being with me": CWMG CWMG, vol. 14, p. 190.

42He speaks of moving: Ibid., vol. 13, p. 128.

43"She has beautifully resigned": Mahadev Desai, Day-to-Day with Gandhi Day-to-Day with Gandhi, vol. 1, p. 153.

44"She cannot bring herself": CWMG CWMG, vol. 25, p. 514.

45"wall of prejudice": Ibid., vol. 26, p. 295.

46"This great and indelible crime": Ibid., vol. 13, p. 233.

47"Not a chest of indigo": Pouchepada.s.s, Champaran and Gandhi Champaran and Gandhi, p. 6.

48"We have begun to convince": CWMG CWMG, vol. 14, p. 538.

49"All of us who worked": Prasad, At the Feet of Mahatma Gandhi At the Feet of Mahatma Gandhi, p. 148. In recent years, a Swiss journalist with deep experience of India revisited the Champaran district to see how the initiatives Gandhi and his colleagues began decades earlier had developed. He found virtually no trace of them; instead, a climate of rampant political corruption and oppression. See Imhasly, Goodbye to Gandhi? Goodbye to Gandhi? pp. 5786. pp. 5786.

50By one estimate: Shankar Dayal Singh, Gandhi's First Step Gandhi's First Step, p. 5.

51Later he would call it: CWMG CWMG, vol. 19, p. 88.

52Referring back to the Natal strikes: Ibid., vol. 13, p. 210.

53India needed to adopt: Ibid., p. 232.

54"The essence of his teaching": Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi, p. 23, a pa.s.sage taken from Nehru's Discovery of India Discovery of India.

55"This voice was somehow different": Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi, p. 12, a pa.s.sage taken from Nehru's Glimpses of World History Glimpses of World History.

56Elsewhere he acknowledges: CWMG CWMG, vol. 14, p. 392.

57"I have traveled much": Ibid., p. 298.

58"Without any impertinence": Ibid., vol. 19, p. 104.

59"did not descend": Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi, p. 23.

60The political bargain: CWMG CWMG, vol. 14, pp. 37782.

61"I love the English nation": Ibid., p. 380.

62The recruiting agent in chief: Ibid., p. 443.

63What better means: Ibid., p. 476.

64"They will be yours": Ibid., p. 454.

65Fighting for the empire: Ibid., p. 440.

66"It is clear": Ibid., p. 485.

67Finally, in August 1918: Ibid., p. 473.

68He would later describe himself: Ibid., vol. 23, p. 4.

69"My failure so far": Ibid., vol. 14, p. 480.

70Eventually, he goes through: Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 202.

71"How can twenty-two crore Hindus": CWMG CWMG, vol. 16, p. 306.

72One of these was a movement: Kepel, Jihad Jihad, pp. 4445.

73a complex religious: A sworn enemy of the Saudi royal family-the last caliph's eventual successors as keepers of the holy places-bin Laden wasn't fixated on Turks. A Saudi with family roots in Yemen, he held to the ideal of spiritual and temporal authority combined in one potentate and one theocratic state representing all believers. In a videotape made after the 9/11 attacks, bin Laden said what Americans were finally experiencing was what "our Islamic nation has been tasting for more than eighty years of humiliation and disgrace." The eighty years refer to the dismantling of the Ottoman Empire, undermining the caliphate. In other words, he's reviving the Khilafat cause, for which Gandhi campaigned. Faisal Devji has a provocative discussion of these connections in The Terrorist in Search of Humanity The Terrorist in Search of Humanity, in particular on pp. 12030. "The Mahatma," he writes, "was undoubtedly the most important propagator of the caliphate in modern times."

74"Bhai sahib!": Jordens, Swami Shraddhananda Swami Shraddhananda, p. 114.

75the month after the first Khilafat: Gandhi, Autobiography Autobiography, p. 439.

76"cheers, tears, embraces": Minault, Khilafat Movement Khilafat Movement, p. 82.

77In June the Central Khilafat Committee: CWMG CWMG, vol. 17, p. 543.

78"It is the duty": Ibid., vol. 18, p. 230.

79Three months later: Nanda, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 238.

80Mohammed Ali Jinnah: Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 234.

81He left the Congress: Nanda, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 242.

82"After the Prophet": Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 237.

83"We laid the foundation": Mahadev Desai, Day-to-Day with Gandhi Day-to-Day with Gandhi, vol. 3, pp. 29091.

84Ultimately, the maulana: CWMG CWMG, vol. 23, p. 567.

85By August 1921: Ibid., vol. 21, p. 10.

86That was hardly an excuse: Minault, Khilafat Movement Khilafat Movement, pp. 14549; Nanda, Gandhi Gandhi, pp. 31120.

87Gandhi was pointing: CWMG CWMG, vol. 21, pp. 18081.

88"I wish to be in touch": Ibid., vol. 24, pp. 45657.

89"It is against our scriptures": Nanda, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 289.

90"I can wield no influence": Rajmohan Gandhi, Eight Lives Eight Lives, p. 111.

91For him, it was less: CWMG CWMG, vol. 20, p. 90.

92It was a cause: Ibid., vol. 19, p. 92.

93While it had nothing: Ibid., vol. 25, p. 200.

94"I am striving": Ibid., p. 202.

95"the rest of the letter": Dhupelia-Mesthrie, Gandhi's Prisoner? Gandhi's Prisoner? p. 175. p. 175.