Oprah_ A Biography Part 28

"Okay. That's all I ask."

"Fair enough."

Bill O'Reilly was nearly apoplectic. He, too, had a book ( Culture Warrior Culture Warrior) to promote, and Oprah had "declined" to have him on her show. "He was so mad that he picked up the phone, called Oprah himself, told her she had no right to be so one-sided by having 'a Bush hater like Frank Rich' on to trash the president of the United States,"

recalled a Doubleday publicist. "O'Reilly demanded that she be fair and let him come on her show with his book....He absolutely browbeat her and Oprah was so cowed that she agreed to have him on."

The show (October 27, 2006), t.i.tled "Oprah's Town Hall with Bill O'Reilly," with a mostly male audience, allowed O'Reilly to rail against the "secular progressive movement," or "SPs," as he called them, which he said consisted of Frank Rich, the American Civil Liberties Union, George Clooney, Hollywood, Holland, mall zombies, the Democratic Party, the FBI, the Clintons, and The New York Times. The New York Times. Traditionalists, on Traditionalists, on the other hand, included "good folks" like him, President Bush, blue-collar towns, the working cla.s.s, the little man, people who call Christmas Christmas, and Oprah. At the end of the hour, O'Reilly said, "This is the best show I've been on."

Having proven to Bill O'Reilly she was fair and balanced, Oprah now made a decision that would put her at odds with Fox News as well as the Clinton wing of the Democratic Party. Feeling she had found "the One," she decided to publicly embrace Barack Obama to the exclusion of all other presidential candidates. She had not been happy with those who suggested her show in 2000 had given George W. Bush a winning edge, so this time around she decided to give her powerful platform to only her "favorite guy."

"If everybody knows I'm for Barack, it would be really disingenuous of me to be sitting up there interviewing other people as though...pretending to be objective," she said. "So I won't be doing anybody, because of that, on my show."

As a talent scout without peer, Oprah recognized telegenic magic when she saw it.

After all, she had introduced Dr. Phil, Rachael Ray, and Dr. Oz to America, and their talk shows, all of which she launched, had succeeded beyond industry expectations. The same instincts now drove her to put all her political cards on the table. It was a daring gamble, because Hillary Clinton was expected to be the Democratic nominee, and in going against the first woman with impressive credentials and immense backing who actually had a chance of winning, Oprah stood to alienate many of her female viewers. In supporting Obama, she was criticized for backing her race over her gender, while most of her African American friends supported Hillary Clinton.

Maya Angelou, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Quincy Jones, and Andrew Young felt they owed their allegiance to Senator Clinton because, in the words of Gates, it was Bill Clinton "who brought us to the table." Standing with Oprah, though, were Gayle King and Stedman Graham, a conservative Republican; plus her father, Vernon Winfrey, who pointed to the Obama poster on his barbershop wall. "I'm supporting him on the issues....Oprah might be supporting him for something else." He chuckled about his daughter's obvious crush on the Illinois senator, an inference that sprang from her flirtatious body language whenever she was around him--what her father called "her adoring eyes and all...I can tell you that Stedman isn't getting any of that."

Oprah's best friend from high school agreed. "Obama is everything she ever wanted," said Luvenia Harrison Butler. "Light-skinned and Ivy-Leagued."

Late-night comics chimed in as well. "Over the weekend, Obama celebrated his wedding anniversary," noted Conan O'Brien. "He went out for a romantic candlelit dinner with just his wife and Oprah."

Obama's influence on Oprah was not lost on anyone in Chicago, either. "When Paula Crown needed a star to appear at the Children's Circle of Care benefit, she went to Barack, and he persuaded Oprah to speak," said one of the city's philanthropists.

"Otherwise, we would never have gotten her, and she made the evening a smas.h.i.+ng success."

By endorsing Barack Obama for president, Oprah staked out a position that would subject her to criticism and partisan rebuke. "It was awful for her at one point," recalled Alice Walker. "I remember when she and Gayle came to a wedding at the Bel-Air hotel....It was shortly after Oprah had refused to have Sarah Palin on her show, and the Republican women in Florida decided to boycott Oprah....She had tears in her eyes when she told us how they called her the N N word." word."

Oprah later mentioned the backlash. "I got some hate calls [that were] 'Go back to Africa,' 'We gonna lynch you bad,' " she said. "I wasn't snubbing Sarah Palin. I was just holding true to the policy that I had set for myself [not to invite other candidates on the show]." Two days after the election she invited Tina Fey, the comedienne who had filleted Sarah Palin with her dead-on imitation of the Alaska governor on Sat.u.r.day Night Sat.u.r.day Night Live. "I was in Denver--I had just attended the big speech Barack Obama gave--and the "I was in Denver--I had just attended the big speech Barack Obama gave--and the next day was when Senator John McCain announced Sarah Palin," Oprah recalled. "I said, 'Oh, my G.o.d. She's Tina Fey.' "

To appease Republicans after the election, Oprah said she would be happy to ask Sarah Palin to be on the show. "I went and tried to talk to Sarah Palin, and instead she talked to Greta Van Susteren. She talked to Matt Lauer. She talked to Larry King, but she didn't talk to me," said Oprah. "But maybe she'll talk to me [when] she has a book deal."

Sure enough, Palin launched publication of her memoir with Oprah on November 16, 2009, leading to Oprah's highest ratings in two years.

"Oprah was all about wooing back conservative viewers she'd lost when she endorsed Barack Obama for president," wrote Lisa de Moraes in The Was.h.i.+ngton Post, The Was.h.i.+ngton Post, so so she veered away from controversial subjects. The next day she interviewed p.o.r.n superstar Jenna Jameson, who wrote How to Make Love Like a p.o.r.n Star, How to Make Love Like a p.o.r.n Star, but the media was more but the media was more interested in politics than p.o.r.nography. Two days after the Sarah Palin show, Tina Brown pounded Oprah in The Daily Beast: The Daily Beast: "She opened up with whether Palin thought she had "She opened up with whether Palin thought she had snubbed her during the '08 campaign by not asking her on the show. You could see Palin thinking as we in the audience were, 'Huh? Why the eff are we wasting time talking about you?' "

Before the 2008 presidential election, Oprah was so determined to preserve her platform for Obama that when Bill Clinton returned to her show on September 4, 2007, to promote his second book, Giving, Giving, she made a point of telling viewers that he had called she made a point of telling viewers that he had called her himself, asking to appear. Months later the former president shrugged off Oprah's lack of support for his wife. "Oprah is from Chicago," Clinton said. "She was never going to be for anybody but Obama."

The timing of Clinton's second appearance on Oprah's show was politically sensitive, because everyone knew that four days later she was hosting a huge fund-raiser for Obama at "The Promised Land," her forty-two-acre estate in Montecito. The event, planned to accommodate at least sixteen hundred people paying $2,300 apiece, was trumpeted as one of the largest political fund-raisers in history. One late-night comic joked, "Oprah's fund-raiser is projected to raise three million dollars; two million of which is to come from the 'Dunk Stedman' booth."

Oprah's fund-raiser had been announced in July, and people across the country scrambled to buy tickets as much to support Obama as to see Oprah's $50 million mansion, with its man-made lake and rolling meadows. The event received wide coverage around the world and, according to Oprah, it "was no small thing for me [to open the gates of my estate]....I really do feel that this place is G.o.d's gift to me. It is a very, very special place....There are going to be some serious restrictions and requirements to get in there."

She insisted that no one be allowed inside the twenty-three-thousand-square-foot mansion, so the event was staged outside on a sunny Sat.u.r.day afternoon with Stevie Wonder (an Obama favorite) performing. More than sixteen hundred people attended, sitting on apple green blankets that Oprah had commissioned with "Obama 08" woven in the corner. Tents filled with tables of food and drink (mini hamburgers and "electric"

lemonade spiked with vodka) dotted the landscaped lawns, where squadrons of waiters scampered about with silver trays. No press was allowed, and all guests were wanded by security guards after being relieved of cameras and recording devices. With the exception of a few VIPs, no one was allowed to drive into the premises, so everyone had to a.s.semble ten miles away and be transported by shuttle buses. Celebrities in the majority African American crowd included Whoopi Goldberg, Sidney Poitier, Ernie Banks, Bill Russell, Jimmy Connors, Linda Evans, Lou Gossett, Jr., Cicely Tyson, Forest Whitaker, Tyler Perry, Chris Rock, Cindy Crawford, George Lucas, and Kenneth "Babyface"

Edmonds.

After the picnic, Oprah hosted a dinner party for two hundred in a huge tent with crystal chandeliers. "It was a magical night that I will never forget," said Valerie Jarrett, a close Chicago friend of the Obamas and now senior advisor to the president.

"Marred only by one diva moment," recalled another Chicago guest. "When Cindy Moelis and her husband, Bob Rivkin, arrived with the Obamas--Cindy is one of Mich.e.l.le Obama's best friends--Oprah was very ungracious. She invited the Obamas inside, but directed Cindy and Bob to wait outside, where they sat on one of the unreserved green blankets. The meadow soon filled up....Oprah and Stedman came out and sat on a reserved blanket in front of Cindy and Bob, an arm's length away. One of Oprah's bodyguards came over and told Cindy they had to move. Cindy asked why, pointing out there was no room, and Stevie Wonder was about to perform. Another guard came over and told Bob they had to move or leave. Bob said they had come with the Obamas and they were not moving or leaving. This all happened within earshot of everyone on adjacent blankets, who were watching, except for Oprah and Stedman, who sat with their backs to Cindy and Bob as if they didn't know what was going on. One would think a hostess would have her security guards stand down to avoid escalating an unpleasant situation. But no. The guards then took out notebooks and wrote down their names, repeatedly asking for the spelling of Moelis Moelis as if to loudly embarra.s.s them into as if to loudly embarra.s.s them into leaving. They stayed for the performance....The event was fantastic, except for Oprah making two people feel very unwelcome."

Such moments become indelible because some people expected Oprah to be at all times what she appeared to be on the air--a woman of enveloping warmth, charm, and affability.

"She was fabulous when she took the microphone and introduced Barack," said another guest. "She was pa.s.sionate, gracious, and intoxicating in her remarks."

She began by saying that her home in Montecito was sacred to her, explaining that she called it "The Promised Land" because she was living Martin Luther King's dream. For that reason she said she would not open it for just any event. "This is where Stedman and I lead our private life," she said. "I haven't partic.i.p.ated in politics because no one inspired me until now....After all of my years in business I don't trust many people, but I have learned to trust my own instincts....I believe we have a man here who can make a difference and bring dignity back to the people of the United States....I believe in destiny. If someone has a calling, there is nothing that can stop that destiny."

For that reason she said she had committed herself totally to Obama and was willing to take whatever the media hurled at her for doing so. She also mentioned the $2,300 price tag for the event and said that no one, "not even my best friend, Gayle," got in without paying.

Oprah understood her worth to Obama. When she talked about her endors.e.m.e.nt on Larry King Live, Larry King Live, she said, "I think my value to him, my support of him, is probably she said, "I think my value to him, my support of him, is probably worth more than any check that I could write." Federal Election Commission records show that she wrote only one--for $2,300. Yet she raised more than $3 million for him in California, and in Chicago some of her employees provided additional funds: Jill Adams, Harpo producer$ 250Judith Banks-Johnson, Harpo producer500William L.

Becker, Harpo, Inc., general counsel300Timothy Bennett, Harpo, Inc., president2,300Tracey Carter, Harpo a.s.sociate producer250Amy Coleman, Harpo supervising producer2,000Lisa Erspamer, Harpo co-executive producer2,300John Gehron, Harpo Radio general manager250Aaron Heeter, Harpo Studios freelance production250Dianne A. Hudson, Harpo Studios special advisor2,300John Keith, Harpo Radio producer250Lindsey Kotler, Harpo executive a.s.sistant250Joseph Lecz, Harpo production manager250Elizabeth E. Moore, Harpo chief of staff2,300Irma Norris, Harpo production manager3,300Ellen S. Rakieten, Harpo executive vice president2,300Davida Rice, Harpo attorney4,500Hilary Robe, Harpo senior a.s.sociate producer500Sheri Salata, Harpo co-executive producer2,300Harriet Seitler, Harpo executive vice president4,600James Slanger, Harpo Studios audio engineer500Erin Dailey Smith, Harpo researcher250Stacy Strazis, Harpo producer500Oprah Winfrey, self-employed, Harpo2,300Andrea Wishom Young, Harpo producer2,000TOTAL:$36,800 After endorsing Obama, Oprah experienced repercussions from viewers, who lashed out on her message boards: "Oprah is a traitor!!!!"

"In bad taste."

"I will never watch your show again."

In 2008 the Harris poll announced that Ellen DeGeneres had beaten Oprah as America's Favorite TV Personality, a position Oprah had held for the previous five years.

Twelve weeks after her California fund-raiser, Oprah hit the road for Obama, flying with Gayle to Iowa to speak in Des Moines (attendance 18,500) and Cedar Rapids (attendance 10,000) before being whisked off to Columbia, South Carolina (attendance 30,000), and Manchester, New Hamps.h.i.+re (attendance 8,500). In each city, the media stands were crammed with television cameras from around the world waiting to record her first campaign utterances.

Initially she seemed awkward, saying she felt she had stepped out of her pew, as she again referenced The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman and how the enslaved and how the enslaved woman was searching for "the one" who would lead her people to freedom. "Well, I do believe in '08 I have found the answer to Miss Pittman's question. I have fooo-uu-nd the answer! It is the same question that our nation is asking, 'Are you the one? Are you the one?' I'm here to tell y'all, he is the one. He is the one....Barack Obama!"

By the fall, Hillary and Obama had sprinted ahead of the six other Democratic candidates, with Hillary enjoying the overwhelming support of women, while Obama captured the enthusiasm of the highly educated and the antiwar activists. He won the Iowa caucuses; she won the New Hamps.h.i.+re primary. On Super Tuesday she won 836 delegates; he won 845. Their neck-and-neck race continued until June 7, 2008, when Hillary officially ended her campaign and eloquently endorsed him.

During the early months of the campaign, Oprah had been alone in carrying the high-wattage celebrity torch for Obama, but on January 27, 2008, Caroline Kennedy stepped forward to announce her endors.e.m.e.nt. In a New York Times New York Times op-ed t.i.tled "A op-ed t.i.tled "A President Like My Father," the daughter of John F. Kennedy wrote, "I have never had a president who inspired me the way people tell me that my father inspired them. But for the first time, I believe I have found the man who could be that president--not just for me, but for a new generation of Americans." With Caroline Kennedy came her cousin Maria Shriver, and their uncle Senator Ted Kennedy, whose endors.e.m.e.nt galvanized the campaign and shook the timbers of support for Hillary Clinton, especially among African Americans, who began to see that Barack Obama might actually have a fighting chance.

By the time Oprah appeared at UCLA's Pauley Pavilion flanked by Caroline Kennedy, Maria Shriver, and Mich.e.l.le Obama, she felt emboldened enough to address her critics: "After Iowa, there were some women who had the nerve to say to me, 'How could you, Oprah, how could you?' " she said, imitating a nasal tw.a.n.g. " 'You're a traitor to your gender.' The truth is, I'm a free woman. I am a free woman." She repeated this three times. "Being free means you get to think for yourself and you get to decide for yourself what to do. So I say I am not a traitor. I am just following my own truth, and that truth has led me to Barack Obama." She mocked women who declared, "I'm a woman; I have to vote for a woman." She fired up the crowd. "As free women, you have the right to change your mind. You're not a traitor because you believe and see a better way."

At the end of that rally Mich.e.l.le Obama told the rapt crowd, "I want you to leave here and envision Barack Obama taking the oath of office."

So Oprah, who believed in the tenets of The Secret, The Secret, a book she had pressed on a book she had pressed on Obama, returned home and created a vision board (see it, believe it, achieve it). She put Obama's picture in the middle of the board, alongside a picture of the dress she wanted to wear to his inauguration. Then she began visualizing the success she wanted. By the time Obama secured the Democratic nomination in August, she was fully convinced that he was destiny's child and would be elected president.

"I'm very happy that I made the decision early last year to come out for him....I decided early on that even if I lost every sponsor on the show--there's a wonderful Bible pa.s.sage [Matthew 16:26] that says, 'What does it do for a man to gain the world and lose his soul?' If I had not come out for Barack Obama when I did, I know I would have lost a piece of my soul."

On election night, Oprah, in a bright green dress with a suggestion of cleavage, joined the joyous throng of 125,000 people in Grant Park to cheer Chicago's favorite son as the first man of color to be elected president of the United States. With tears streaming down her face she rejoiced, standing on the right side of history and knowing that she just may have had a role in shaping it.

"My job was to make people, or allow people, to be introduced to Obama who might not have been at the time," she said. "I wanted him elected, and I think I did that."

Afterword.

I REMEMBER Oprah standing in the control room watching Phil Donahue toward the end of his run and shaking her head," recalled a former Harpo employee. "She said, 'If I ever stay that long, kick my a.s.s out of here.' Of course, that'll never happen because she'll never give up her show. She can't...she needs to be on television. It's her oxygen."

Most people a.s.sumed that it would take a wrecking crew with tasers and stun guns to get Oprah to retire, but on November 20, 2009, she announced she was stopping her show after twenty-five years--when her contract expired in September 2011.

"This show has been my life," she told her viewers with trembling lips, "and I love it enough to know when it's time to say goodbye."

Those words sent an "Oh, my G.o.d" shudder across the country and triggered Code Orange distress throughout the television industry. Oprah's departure from four o'clock in the afternoon would crater a hole in daytime broadcasting and deprive local stations, especially those owned and operated by ABC, of a gigantic ratings lead-in to their evening news hours. The financial ramifications were potentially enormous.

From the next day's headlines it seemed as if Chicken Little was right: the sky had fallen. Oprah's announcement made the front pages of most newspapers, the cover of People, and the evening news broadcasts, and prompted a tidal wave of commentary, and the evening news broadcasts, and prompted a tidal wave of commentary, most of which praised her for hanging up her gloves before she risked getting knocked out by dwindling network audiences and flaccid ratings.

Alessandra Stanley applauded her in The New York Times The New York Times for practicing "The for practicing "The Fine Art of Quitting While She's Ahead," and Gail Collins wrote a column about "Putting the Fond in Farewell." The Los Angeles Times Los Angeles Times mourned "Afternoons Without Oprah," mourned "Afternoons Without Oprah,"

and The Wall Street Journal The Wall Street Journal wondered what her departure would mean for the economic wondered what her departure would mean for the economic future of Chicago.

Oprah said she planned to concentrate on OWN (Oprah Winfrey Network) in partners.h.i.+p with Discovery Communications. The debut of OWN, announced in 2008, was originally scheduled for 2009. Now it will be sometime in 2011. Once launched, Oprah's network will replace the Discovery Health Channel, which is available in 74 million homes. The Oprah Winfrey Show, The Oprah Winfrey Show, in 2008-2009, before the nation switched to a in 2008-2009, before the nation switched to a digital system, reached approximately 110 million homes. In its current incarnation, the show is watched by around 7 million people each day. There is little doubt that switching to OWN will dramatically lower her viewers.h.i.+p.

OWN is based in Los Angeles, and soon after her announcement, Oprah was quoted as saying she wanted to divest her real estate in Chicago "as soon as possible,"

adding, "Why would anyone stay in Chicago? It's freezing here, and I have a mansion in Montecito that I haven't been able to enjoy."

While the national media mourned the departure of daytime's Goliath, the Davids of Chicago grabbed their slingshots. "[H]er announcement spurs a question: Does it matter?" asked the Tribune Tribune's Rick Kogan. "Over the years she has become, with some justification, increasingly isolated, distrustful of all but a close circle of friends and a.s.sociates, and remote..." With tongue in cheek, the Trib Trib's media critic, Phil Rosenthal, told readers: "Deal with it however you see fit. Maybe ask yourself: What would Oprah do? Then call your best friend Gayle to commiserate."

Chicago's mayor, Richard Daley, was furious at the tone taken by the city's media and blamed them for driving Oprah out of town. At her request, he had closed part of Michigan Avenue for her season's opening show in September 2009, which lured twenty thousand fans, snarling traffic in the middle of the city's busiest street. The havoc did not go unnoticed by reporters, some of whom saw it as just one more example of Oprah's hubris.

"That became a big rhubarb in the Chicago press--beat up Oprah," said Mayor Daley. "So you keep kicking people, people will leave, simple as that."

She returned the mayor's favor and support by flying to Copenhagen to join him and the president and First Lady to lobby the International Olympic Committee to bring the 2016 games to Chicago, which had spent $60 million on its presentation. When the IOC knocked Chicago out of the compet.i.tion almost immediately and gave the nod to Rio de Janeiro instead, Oprah, Mayor Daley, and the Obamas were made to look like losers in the Chicago press.

The media maelstrom over her retirement continued for days. "Why is she quitting?" "What will she do next?" "Who will replace her?" Then dire predictions about her health flooded the Internet, along with photos suggesting her weight would lead to debilitating diabetes and an inevitable heart attack. The National Enquirer National Enquirer ran a cover of ran a cover of her looking haggard and bloated with a headline that blared: "Oprah's Booze & Drug Binges! Fed Up Stedman Walks Out--for Good! She'll Pay $150 Million to Buy His Silence." This prompted the always cheeky David Letterman to announce: "Top Ten Signs Oprah Doesn't Care Anymore." The number one sign: "Her last three guests were Johnnie Walker, Jim Beam, and Jose Cuervo."

It began to look as if her withdrawal from network television and her perceived loss of influence was turning her into a target, after years of reverential treatment.

However, as she was being depicted as a dipsomaniac and dismissed by polls that (supposedly) showed her dwindling popularity, Oprah showed she should never be underestimated, pulling off a coup that burnished her l.u.s.ter on the world stage. She took her cameras to the White House for an intimate conversation with the Obamas as they prepared to spend their first Christmas as president and First Lady. Her hour-long prime-time special gave ABC the evening's most watched entertainment program (11.8 million) and showed that at the age of fifty-five, Oprah Winfrey is not about to relinquish her crown as the queen of talk show television.

Instead, she is going to attempt to reinvent herself with her own network ("All Oprah all the time," said one critic) and present on cable what she presented so effectively in her magazine: her philosophy of life with its perplexing mix of cra.s.s materialism and uplifting spirituality.

Some critics tut-tutted that her fans will not follow her to cable. Others speculated that OWN will never get off the ground, citing its start-up problems with scheduling, the fact that three CEOs have already been hired and fired, and the head of programming deposed, all of which has delayed the launch date several times. But Oprah had already embarked upon her next career, and The New Yorker The New Yorker's media critic predicted unbounded success. "Oprah is going to a growing enterprise," said Ken Auletta. "She's leaving a listing s.h.i.+p and getting on a rocket s.h.i.+p."

She was also taking her halo to Hollywood, where she would reign supreme among the celebrities she adored. The town had first fired her fantasies as a young girl when she toured the Walk of Fame in front of Grauman's Chinese Theatre. After that trip she returned to her father's house in Nashville and told him she was going to be a star.

"Daddy, I got down on my knees there and ran my hand along all those stars on the street, and I said to myself, 'One day I'm going to put my own star among those stars,'

" recalled Vernon Winfrey. He knew then there was no stopping his daughter.

Now, decades later, the pilot light that fired her ambitions since childhood still flames, and for Oprah her work and the applause that comes from it fill her soul, giving her her greatest pleasure in life. Consequently, she will never retire. Without children and grandchildren, it seems as if she will fill her later years with the rewards of work. Yes, she has slowed down a bit and often seems fatigued, occasionally appearing listless on her show, the one hour a day when she had sparkled in the past. During the last year her producers began booking more segments to move it along at a faster pace so everyone, including the host, would stay engaged.

As she gets older, Oprah no longer expends the energy necessary to stay in shape, and she remains seventy-five pounds overweight, sagging into her mother's genes after years of swearing to fight heredity. The responsibility of her $40 million school in South Africa has also weighed on her, especially as the s.e.x scandals involving a dorm matron and several students dragged through the courts. The publicity surrounding the sordid case was demoralizing, and prompted some to question how anyone, even with Oprah's vast resources, could take care of three hundred children eighty-seven hundred miles away. Still, she remains committed to her "girls" and flies to South Africa at least once a year. But even in her own private jet the seventeen-hour trip takes its toll.

Despite a setback in her show's ratings, a dip in her magazine's circulation, and a couple of c.h.i.n.ks in the armor of her public image, Oprah remains the most influential woman of her generation. She has always lived on the ascent, and even as she ages, she continues aiming upward.

She has dominated her era by reaching uncommon and unexpected heights, and in doing so, she has become an icon, especially to women. For she has broken through all the barriers that once held them back, and her life story inspires others because she has never stopped pus.h.i.+ng ahead. She has remained driven, and in all likelihood will continue to remain so to the end of her days because she has always embraced the poetry of Robert Browning, who wrote that "a man's reach should exceed his grasp, or what's a heaven for?"

Some Oprah Credits, 1984-2009 OPRAH AS A CTOR/P ERFORMER/I NTERVIEWER/N ARRATOR/H.

OST, TV AND M OVIES, 1984-2009.

A. M. Chicago (1984-1985, Chicago WLS-TV, local daytime talk show, (1984-1985, Chicago WLS-TV, local daytime talk show, premiered 1/2/84), host Survival: Everything to Live For (according to (according to McCall's McCall's in August 1987, Oprah in August 1987, Oprah had in her office an Emmy for this special on teenage suicide) When the School Bell Rings (1984, Chicago WLS-TV, children's program), host (1984, Chicago WLS-TV, children's program), host The Oprah Winfrey Show (1985-1986, Chicago WLS-TV, local daytime talk (1985-1986, Chicago WLS-TV, local daytime talk show, successor to A. M. Chicago, A. M. Chicago, premiered 9/30/85), host premiered 9/30/85), host The Color Purple (1985, theatrical release; available on DVD), Sofia (1985, theatrical release; available on DVD), Sofia Sat.u.r.day Night Live (1986, NBC, comedy, episode originally aired 4/12/86), (1986, NBC, comedy, episode originally aired 4/12/86), guest host Native Son (1986, theatrical release), Mrs. Thomas (1986, theatrical release), Mrs. Thomas Throw Momma from the Train (1987, theatrical release, comedy, available on (1987, theatrical release, comedy, available on DVD), herself

Chicago Grapevine (1987, ABC, pilot for sitcom taped in April 1987, rejected in (1987, ABC, pilot for sitcom taped in April 1987, rejected in June 1987, never seen publicly), starring role as talk show host Star-Spangled Celebration (1987, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired (1987, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 7/4/87), cohost with Robert Urich Dolly (1987, ABC, first episode of Dolly Parton's second variety TV show, (1987, ABC, first episode of Dolly Parton's second variety TV show, originally aired 9/27/87), singing Pee-Wee's Playhouse Christmas Special (1988, CBS, prime-time special, (1988, CBS, prime-time special, originally aired 12/21/88; available on DVD), herself America's All-Star Tribute to Oprah Winfrey (1990, ABC, prime-time special, (1990, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 9/18/90), recipient of America's Hope Award from Bob Hope Gabriel's Fire (1990, ABC, "'Tis the Season" episode of James Earl Jones's (1990, ABC, "'Tis the Season" episode of James Earl Jones's dramatic series, originally aired 12/20/90), talk show host Scared Silent (1992, NBC, CBS, PBS, doc.u.mentary, originally aired 9/4/92; aired (1992, NBC, CBS, PBS, doc.u.mentary, originally aired 9/4/92; aired on ABC 9/6/92), host The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (1992, NBC, "A Night at the Oprah" episode of (1992, NBC, "A Night at the Oprah" episode of Quincy Jones-produced comedy series, originally aired 11/9/92), herself Lincoln (1992, ABC, doc.u.mentary, originally aired 12/26 and 12/27/92), voice of (1992, ABC, doc.u.mentary, originally aired 12/26 and 12/27/92), voice of Elizabeth Keckley Learning Not to Hurt (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally aired 5/27/93), introduction All-American Girl (1995, ABC, "A Night at the Oprah" episode of Margaret Cho (1995, ABC, "A Night at the Oprah" episode of Margaret Cho comedy series, originally aired 2/14/95), herself America's Top Story (1995, Hearst Broadcasting, town meeting/discussion, (1995, Hearst Broadcasting, town meeting/discussion, originally aired 10/1/95), host The 68th Annual Academy Awards (ABC, producer Quincy Jones, aired 3/25/96), (ABC, producer Quincy Jones, aired 3/25/96), official greeter on the red carpet About Us: The Dignity of Children (1997, ABC, prime-time doc.u.mentary, coexecutive producer Jeff Jacobs, Children's Dignity Project), host (1997, ABC, prime-time doc.u.mentary, coexecutive producer Jeff Jacobs, Children's Dignity Project), host Ellen (1997, ABC, parts 1 and 2 of "The Puppy Episode" of comedy series, (1997, ABC, parts 1 and 2 of "The Puppy Episode" of comedy series, originally aired 4/30/97; available on DVD, Ellen Season 4 Ellen Season 4), Ellen's therapist Our Friend Martin (1999, Starz!, animated educational film; available on DVD), (1999, Starz!, animated educational film; available on DVD), voice of Coretta Scott King Home Improvement (1999, ABC, "Home Alone" episode of comedy series, (1999, ABC, "Home Alone" episode of comedy series, originally aired 1/19/99), herself The Hughleys (1999, ABC, "Milsap Moves Up" episode of comedy series, (1999, ABC, "Milsap Moves Up" episode of comedy series, originally aired 10/1/99), herself Bette (2000, CBS, "Two Days at a Time" episode of Bette Midler comedy series, (2000, CBS, "Two Days at a Time" episode of Bette Midler comedy series, originally aired 11/8/2000), herself Chicago Matters (2001, Chicago WTTW-11, "Teaching Readers" episode of (2001, Chicago WTTW-11, "Teaching Readers" episode of public television doc.u.mentary series, originally aired 4/19/01), narrator Unchained Memories: Readings from the Slave Narratives (2003, HBO, (2003, HBO, doc.u.mentary, originally aired 2/10/03; available on DVD), reader Brothers of the Borderland (2004, continuing film exhibit at National (2004, continuing film exhibit at National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, Cincinnati), narrator Emmanuel's Gift (2004, doc.u.mentary, limited theatrical release; available on (2004, doc.u.mentary, limited theatrical release; available on DVD), narrator Kennedy Center Honors (2005, CBS, prime-time special, originally aired (2005, CBS, prime-time special, originally aired 12/26/05), giving tribute to Tina Turner Charlotte's Web (2006, animated theatrical release; available on DVD), voice of (2006, animated theatrical release; available on DVD), voice of Gussy Goose African American Lives (2007, special episode "Oprah's Roots" in PBS (2007, special episode "Oprah's Roots" in PBS doc.u.mentary series, originally aired 1/24/07), interviewed by Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

Ocean's 13 (2007, theatrical release; available on DVD), herself (2007, theatrical release; available on DVD), herself Bee Movie (2007, animated theatrical release; available on DVD), voice of Judge (2007, animated theatrical release; available on DVD), voice of Judge b.u.mbleden 60th Annual Emmy Awards (2008, ABC, originally aired 9/21/08), opening (2008, ABC, originally aired 9/21/08), opening statement 30 Rock (2008, NBC, episode of Tina Fey comedy series, originally aired (2008, NBC, episode of Tina Fey comedy series, originally aired 11/6/08), herself The Princess and the Frog (2009, animated theatrical release), voice of Eudora (2009, animated theatrical release), voice of Eudora OPRAH AS P RODUCER AND P ERFORMER/I NTERVIEWER/N.

ARRATOR/H OST, TV AND M OVIES, 1984-2009.

The Oprah Winfrey Show (1986-present, nationally syndicated daytime talk show, (1986-present, nationally syndicated daytime talk show, premiered 9/8/86; produced by Harpo since 1988), host; Harpo Productions No One Dies Alone (1988, ABC, prime-time special doc.u.mentary, directed by (1988, ABC, prime-time special doc.u.mentary, directed by Lloyd Kramer, cowritten by Juan Williams; originally aired 12/88), narrator; Harpo Productions The Women of Brewster Place (1989, ABC, prime-time miniseries; originally (1989, ABC, prime-time miniseries; originally aired 3/19 and 3/20/89; available on DVD), starring role as Mattie; Harpo Productions Just Between Friends (1989, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 6/10/89), (1989, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 6/10/89), host; Harpo Productions Brewster Place (1990, ABC, prime-time weekly series, half-hour drama, eleven (1990, ABC, prime-time weekly series, half-hour drama, eleven episodes aired, premiered 5/1/90; available on DVD) starring role as Mattie; Harpo Productions In the Name of Self-Esteem (1990, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired (1990, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 1990), host; Harpo Productions Oprah Behind the Scenes (1992, ABC, prime-time special, with Michael Bolton, (1992, ABC, prime-time special, with Michael Bolton, Goldie Hawn, Meryl Streep, and Dustin Hoffman, originally aired 5/19/92), host; Harpo Productions Surviving a Break-up (1992, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally (1992, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally aired 10/1/92), host/moderator; Harpo Productions Oprah Behind the Scenes (1992, ABC, prime-time special with Jodie Foster, (1992, ABC, prime-time special with Jodie Foster, Richard Gere, Vanessa Williams, and the Simpsons, originally aired 11/4/92), host; Harpo Productions Shades of a Single Protein (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally aired 1/28/93), host/moderator; Harpo Productions Michael Jackson Talks...to Oprah (1993, ABC, prime-time special, originally (1993, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 2/10/93), interviewer; Harpo Productions I Hate the Way I Look (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, discussion, originally aired 3/18/93), host/moderator; Harpo Productions Girlfriend (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, drama, originally aired 4/15/93), (1993, ABC, Afterschool Special, drama, originally aired 4/15/93), host; Harpo Productions There Are No Children Here (1993, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally (1993, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 11/28/93), starring role as Lajoe Rivers; Harpo Productions Oprah Winfrey Presents: Before Women Had Wings (1997, ABC, prime-time (1997, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 11/2/97; available on DVD), starring role as Zora; Harpo Films Beloved (1998, theatrical release; available on DVD), starring role as Sethe; (1998, theatrical release; available on DVD), starring role as Sethe; Harpo Films Oprah Goes Online (2000, Oxygen Network, series of twelve weekly episodes, (2000, Oxygen Network, series of twelve weekly episodes, premiered 2/6/00), cohost with Gayle King; Oxygen Media, Oprah Winfrey executive producer Use Your Life (2001, Oxygen Network, series of twelve weekly episodes, (2001, Oxygen Network, series of twelve weekly episodes, premiered 9/10/01), host; Oxygen Media, Oprah Winfrey executive producer Oprah After the Show (2002-2007, Oxygen Network, weekday series 2002-2004, (2002-2007, Oxygen Network, weekday series 2002-2004, weekly series 2005-2007, premiered 9/16/02), host; Harpo Productions Oprah Winfrey's Legends Ball (2006, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired (2006, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 5/22/06), host/narrator; Harpo Productions Building a Dream: The Oprah Winfrey Leaders.h.i.+p Academy (2007, ABC, primetime special, originally aired 2/26/07; available on DVD), host/narrator; Harpo (2007, ABC, primetime special, originally aired 2/26/07; available on DVD), host/narrator; Harpo Productions The Oprah Winfrey Oscar Special (2007, ABC, prime-time special, originally (2007, ABC, prime-time special, originally aired 5/27/07), host; Harpo Productions Oprah's Big Give (2008, ABC, prime-time reality show, eight weekly episodes, (2008, ABC, prime-time reality show, eight weekly episodes, premiered 3/2/08), Oprah made appearances in each episode; Harpo Productions OPRAH AS P RODUCER, TV/M OVIES, 1984-2009.

Nine (1992, TV doc.u.mentary, originally aired 4/4/92, directed by Lloyd Kramer), (1992, TV doc.u.mentary, originally aired 4/4/92, directed by Lloyd Kramer), Harpo Productions Overexposed (1992, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 10/11/92), (1992, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 10/11/92), Harpo Productions Oprah Winfrey Presents: The Wedding (1998, ABC, prime-time drama special, (1998, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 2/22 and 2/23/98), Harpo Films Oprah Winfrey Presents: David and Lisa (1998, ABC, prime-time drama special, (1998, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 11/1/98), Harpo Productions Oprah Winfrey Presents: Tuesdays with Morrie (1999, ABC prime-time drama (1999, ABC prime-time drama special, originally aired 12/5/99; available on DVD), Harpo Productions Oprah Winfrey Presents: Amy and Isabelle (2001, ABC, prime-time drama (2001, ABC, prime-time drama special, originally aired 3/4/01), Harpo Films Dr. Phil (2002-present, syndicated weekday talk show, premiered 9/16/02), Harpo (2002-present, syndicated weekday talk show, premiered 9/16/02), Harpo Productions until 2005 (when Dr. Phil McGraw's company took over production) Oprah Winfrey Presents: Their Eyes Were Watching G.o.d (2005, ABC, primetime drama special, originally aired 3/5/05; available on DVD), Harpo Films (2005, ABC, primetime drama special, originally aired 3/5/05; available on DVD), Harpo Films Rachael Ray (2006-present, syndicated weekday talk/cooking show, premiered (2006-present, syndicated weekday talk/cooking show, premiered 9/18/06), Harpo Productions Oprah Winfrey Presents: Mitch Albom's For One More Day (2007, ABC, primetime drama special, directed by Lloyd Kramer, originally aired 12/9/07; available on (2007, ABC, primetime drama special, directed by Lloyd Kramer, originally aired 12/9/07; available on DVD), Harpo Films The Great Debaters (2007, theatrical release; available on DVD), Harpo Films (2007, theatrical release; available on DVD), Harpo Films Dr. Oz (2009-present, syndicated weekday talk show, premiered 9/14/09), Harpo (2009-present, syndicated weekday talk show, premiered 9/14/09), Harpo Productions Precious: Based on the Novel Push by Sapphire (2009, theatrical release, (2009, theatrical release, originally Push: Based on the Novel by Sapphire Push: Based on the Novel by Sapphire), credited as executive producer, with Tyler Perry and others OPRAH AS P RODUCER, T HEATER, 1984-2009.

From the Mississippi Delta (1991-1992, Circle in the Square Theatre, New York), (1991-1992, Circle in the Square Theatre, New York), with Susan Quint Gallin, Calvin Skaggs, Susan Wexler, and Judith Resnick The Song of Jacob Zulu (1992, Steppenwolf Theatre, Chicago), with others (1992, Steppenwolf Theatre, Chicago), with others The Color Purple (2005-2008, Broadway Theatre, New York; 2007-present, (2005-2008, Broadway Theatre, New York; 2007-present, national tours), with Scott Sanders, Roy Furman, Quincy Jones, and others

Notes.

FOREWORD.

ARTICLES: Amy Argetsinger and Roxanne Roberts, "The Reliable Source,"

Was.h.i.+ngton Post, Dec. 14, 2006; George Rush and Joanna Molloy, "Dad's Book Is No Dec. 14, 2006; George Rush and Joanna Molloy, "Dad's Book Is No Oprah Pick," New York Daily News, Daily News, May 22, 2007; transcript, " May 22, 2007; transcript, " A New Earth A New Earth Online Online Cla.s.s, Chapter 7," www.oprah.com, Apr. 14, 2008.

INTERVIEWS: Judy Stone, Apr. 2, 2007; Jonathan Van Meter, Dec. 2, 2007; Jura Konscius, Mar. 3, 2008; correspondence with Erin Moriarty, June 16, 2007; Tim Watts, May 23, 2007, and correspondence with Tim Watts, June 30, 2007.

ONE.