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48 JBP, Barry to McHenry, August 28, 1796, September 20, 1796.
49 Ibid., Barry to McHenry, September 10, 1796.
50 Smelser, The Congress Founds the Navy, 89.
51 Ibid., 88-89.
52 JBP, Barry to McHenry, December 21, 1796.
53 LCOP, Benjamin Rush Letterbook, 12, 1796.
54 Watson, Annals, vol. I, 359.; National Archives, Joshua Humphreys Wastebook, 1797.
55 Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 297, Was.h.i.+ngton's Diary, February 25, 1797, quoted in Clark, Gallant John Barry, 381; McCullough, John Adams, 418.
56 Smelser, The Congress Founds the Navy, 96.
57 McCullough, John Adams, 477.
58 Symonds, Navalists, 56.
59 Watson, Annals, vol. II, 361.
60 Scharf and Westcott, The History of Philadelphia, vol. I, 490; Smelser, Congress Founds the Navy, 53.
61 Philadelphia Aurora, December 23, 1796.
62 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 383.
63 Scharf and Westcott, The History of Philadelphia, vol. 1, 490.
64 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 383. Scharf and Westcott, The History of Philadelphia, vol. 1, p. 490; McMaster, A History of the People of the Midland States, Vol. II 322-323.
65 HSP, Humphreys Correspondence, vol. I, William Rush to Humphreys, April 30, 1795; quotation in Scharf & Westcott, Vol. I, p. 490.
66 HSP, Humphreys letterbook, April 24, 1797, Humphreys to McHenry, May 11, 1797; Philadelphia Daily Advertiser, May 3, 1797.
67 McMaster, A History of the People of the Midland States, vol. II, 322-323.
68 Philadelphia Gazette, May 11, 1797.
69 Sarah Smith Stafford to Capt. John S. Barnes, April 16, 1877, quoted in Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 318.
70 McCullough, John Adams, 482.
71 King with Hattendorf and Estes, A Sea of Words, 195.
72 HSP, Humphreys letterbook, Humphreys to McHenry, May 12, 1797.
73 Ibid.
74 Ibid.
75 Ibid.
76 Philadelphia Gazette, May 11, 1797; McMaster, A History of the People of the Midland States, vol. 2, 324.
77 Philadelphia Gazette, May 11, 1797; McMaster, A History of the People of the Midland States, vol. 2, 323.
78 Scharf and Westcott, The History of Philadelphia, vol. I, 490. McCullough, John Adams, 482.
79 McMaster, A History of the People of the Midland States, vol. 2, 322-323.
80 Gillmer, Old Ironsides, 33.
81 HSP, Humphreys letter book, Humphreys to McHenry, May 12, 1797 82 Ibid.
83 HSP, Humphreys letter book, Humphreys to McHenry, May 12, 1797; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 383; JBP, Barry to McHenry, August 28, 1797.
84 Philadelphia Gazette, May 11, 1797; JBP, Barry to Nicholson, September 14, 1797. McMaster, A History of the People of the Midland States vol. 2, 324; HSP, Diary of Elizabeth Drinker, vol. 2, 916.
85 King with Hattendorf and Estes, A Sea of Words, 201; HSP, Humphreys letter book, May 11, 1797.
86 Naval Doc.u.ments Related to the Quasi-War Between the United States and France, Volume 1, 6, Secretary of War to Thomas Truxton, June 29, 1797; McCullough, John Adams, 484-485.
87 HSP, Humphreys letter book, Humphreys to Truxton, June 11, 1797.
88 JBP, Barry to McHenry, June 20, 1797.
89 Fowler, Jack Tars and Commodores, 28.
90 Barry to McHenry, June 16, 1797, quoted in Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 329-330.
91 QW 1, Secretary of War to Thomas Truxton, June 29, 1797, 6.
92 JBP, Foulk to Barry, February 5, 1797, Jackson to Barry, February 26, 1797; David Library of the American Revolution, Sol Feinstone Collection, Morris to Barry, August 8, 1797.
93 Winch, A Gentleman of Color, 80; Wagner, Robert Morris, 129.
94 JBP, Barry to McHenry, July 24, 1797.
95 Scharf and Westcott, vol. I, 491.
96 Chernow, Alexander Hamilton, 530-534.
97 Pennsylvania Gazette, August 16, 1797.
98 HSP, Diary of Elizabeth Drinker, p. 944; McCollugh, John Adams, 490.
99 McCullough, John Adams, 491-492; HSP, Humphreys Correspondence, Humphreys to McHenry, September 25, 1797; JBP, Barry to McHenry, August 28, 1797.
100 King with Hattendorf and Estes, A Sea of Words, 183.
101 LCOP, Benjamin Rush Ledger, September 9, 1797; NYHS, Barry to McHenry, August 28, 1797.
102 NDQW, vol. 1, p. 16, Secretary of War to Barry, August 30, 1797.
103 JBP, Mullowny to Barry, September 6, 1797.
104 JBP, Gilla.s.spy to Barry, September 13, 1797.
105 HSP, Gratz, Barry to Francis, September 17, 1797.
106 HSP, Barry to Nicholson, September 4, 1797; Fowler, Jack Tars and Commodores, 27-28.
107 HSP, Joshua Humphreys Correspondence, Truxton to Humphreys, September 7, 1797.
108 JBP, Barry to Mullowny, September 13, 1797.
109 Tench Francis to Barry, September 13, 1797; quoted in Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 332.
110 JBP, Barry to Mullowny, September 13, 1797.
111 Porcupine's Gazette, October 3, 1797; NYHS, Gilla.s.spy to Barry, October 11, 1797.
112 JBP, Barry to McHenry, September 13, 1797; Gilla.s.spy to Barry, November 21 and 26, 1797; State of the Frigate United States at the Close of 1797, as Reported to Congress, quoted from Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 333-334; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 393.
113 JBP, Gilla.s.spy to Barry, November 26, 1797.
114 JBP, Barry to Mullowny (no date); Clark, Gallant John Barry, 393.
115 Symonds, Navalists and Antinavalists, 66-67.
116 NDQW, vol. 1, 28-36, "Abstract of the Cases of Capture of American Vessels," 33; HSP, Sea Captains' Club Minutes.
117 McCullough, John Adams, 493; Symonds, Navalists and Antinavalists, 61.
118 Smelser, The Congress Founds the Navy, 125.
119 Quoted in Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 333.
120 LOC, Thomas Jefferson Papers, Jefferson to John Wayles Eppes, December 26, 1797.
121 Chernow, Alexander Hamilton, 548-550; Smelser, The Congress Founds the Navy, 128; McCullough, John Adams, 495.
122 NDQW, vol. 1, McHenry to Barry, January 4, 1798.
123 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 394.
124 Ibid.; JBP, Barry to James Imlay, January 8, 1798.
125 JBP, United States, Muster roll, March 12, 1798.
126 NYPL, Barry to Mullowny, February 12, 1798.
127 HSP, Roberts Collection, Mullowny to Barry, February 14, 1798.
128 Chernow, Alexander Hamilton, 550; McCullough, John Adams, 491-497.
129 McCullough, John Adams, 497.
130 Ibid.
131 Chernow, Alexander Hamilton, 550.
132 Allen, Our Naval War with France, 25.
133 NDQW, vol. 1, 4, Secretary of War to Joshua Humphreys, March 23, 1797; JBP, McHenry to Barry, March 31, 1798.
134 JBP, Barry to McHenry, April 3, 1798.
135 JBP, Barry to Mullowny, March 26, April 2, 1798; Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 339.
136 Symonds, Navalists and Antinavalists, 71; Palmer, Stoddert's War, 9, 12.
137 LOC, Barry Papers, McHenry to John Jay, April 18, 1798; NYHS, Barry to Mullowny, April 10, 1798, Barry to McHenry, 5, 1798; NDQW vol. 1, p. 70, Secretary of War to John Jay, May 7, 1798.
138 Symonds, Navalists and Antinavalists, 70; Fowler, Jack Tars and Commodores, 32.
139 NDQW vol. 1, 57, Secretary of War to Joshua Humphreys and Captain Thomas Thompson, April 25, 1798; "Purchase of s.h.i.+p Ganges," 62-63, 56-57.
140 Haverford College, Charles Roberts Collection, Sarah Barry to John Barry, June 1798. Chapelle, The American Sailing Navy, 122-123. King with Hattendorf and Estes, A Sea of Words, 315.
141 HSP, Porter to Barry, April 18, 1798. JBP, Barry to Barry, April 19, 1798; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 401.
142 HSP, Roberts Collection, Paul Revere to Barry, April 29, 1798.
143 NDQW, Vol. 1, p. 74, To Alexander Hamilton from James McHenry, May 12, 1798; 67-68, "Purchase of s.h.i.+p Hamburgh Packet, May 5, 1798; Chernow, Alexander Hamilton, 553; Keen, "The Descendants of Joran Kyn; De Kay, A Rage for Glory, 22; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 402.
144 LOC, Barry Papers, McHenry to Barry, May 5, 1798.
145 Ibid.
146 McCullough, John Adams, 500, 505, 506.
147 LOC, McHenry to Barry, May 5, 1798.
148 JBP, Barry to Stewart, May 10, 1798.
