Color Key to North American Birds Part 91

Order Pa.s.sERES. Perching Birds

Family COTINGID?. Cotingas.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

[441.1] Xantus's Becard Platypsaris aglaiae albiventris A.V.

Family TYRANNID?. Tyrant Flycatchers.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

[442] Fork-tailed Flycatcher Muscivora tyrannus A.V.

443 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher " forficata 177 444 Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus 247 445 Gray Kingbird " dominicensis 247 446 Couch's Kingbird " melancholicus couchi 202 447 Arkansas Kingbird " verticalis 202 448 Ca.s.sin's Kingbird " vociferans 202 449 Derby Flycatcher Pitangus sulphuratus derbia.n.u.s 202 451 Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris 203 452 Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus 203 453 Arizona Crested Flycatcher " magister magister 203 453_a_ Mexican Crested Flycatcher " " nelsoni 203 454 Ash-throated Flycatcher " cinerascens cinerascens 203 454_b_ Lower California Flycatcher " " pertinax 203 455_a_ Olivaceous Flycatcher " lawrencei olivascens 203 456 Ph?be Sayornis ph?be 208 457 Say's Ph?be " sayus 205 458 Black Ph?be " nigricans 251 459 Olive-sided Flycatcher Nuttallornis borealis 208 460 Coues's Flycatcher Myiochanes pertinax pallidiventris 208 461 Wood Pewee " virens 208 462 Western Wood Pewee " richardsoni richardsoni 208 462_a_ Large-billed Wood Pewee " richardsoni peninsulae 208 463 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris 211 464 Western Flycatcher " difficilis difficilis 210 464.1 San Lucas Flycatcher " " cineritius 210 465 Acadian Flycatcher " virescens 210 466 Traill's Flycatcher " trailli trailli 209 466_a_ Alder Flycatcher " " alnorum 209 467 Least Flycatcher " minimus 209 468 Hammond's Flycatcher " hammondi 209 469 Wright's Flycatcher " wrighti 209 469.1 Gray Flycatcher " griseus 209 470_a_ Buff-breasted Flycatcher " fulvifrons pygmaeus 215 471 Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus mexica.n.u.s 177 472 Beardless Flycatcher Camptostoma imberbe 211

Family ALAUDID?. Larks.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

[473] Skylark Alauda arvensis A.V.

474 Horned Lark Octocoris alpestris alpestris 200 474_a_ Pallid Horned Lark " " articola 200 474_b_ Prairie Horned Lark " " praticola 200 474_c_ Desert Horned Lark " " leucolaema 201 474_d_ Texas Horned Lark " " giraudi 200 474_e_ California Horned Lark " " actia 201 474_f_ Ruddy Horned Lark " " rubea 201 474_g_ Streaked Horned Lark " " strigata 201 474_h_ Scorched Horned Lark " " adusta 201 474_i_ Dusky Horned Lark " " merrilli 201 474_j_ Sonora Horned Lark " " pallida 201 474_k_ Hoyt's Horned Lark " " hoyti 200 474_l_ Montezuma Horned Lark " " occidentalis 201 474_m_ Island Horned Lark " " insularis 201

Family CORVID?. Crows, Jays, Magpies, etc.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

475 Magpie Pica pica hudsonia 253 476 Yellow-billed Magpie " nuttalli 253 477 Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata cristata 181 477_a_ Florida Blue Jay " " florincola 182 478 Steller's Jay " stelleri stelleri 185 478_a_ Blue-fronted Jay " " frontalis 182 478_b_ Long-crested Jay " " diademata 185 478_c_ Black-headed Jay " " annectens 185 478_d_ Queen Charlotte Jay " " carlottae 185 478_e_ Coast Jay " " carbonacea 298 479 Florida Jay Aphelocoma cyanea 184 480 Woodhouse's Jay " woodhousei 184 480.1 Blue-eared Jay " cyanotis 184 480.2 Texas Jay " texana 184 481 California Jay " californica californica 184 481_a_ Xantus's Jay " " hypoleuca 184 481_b_ Belding's Jay " " obscura 184 481.1 Santa Cruz Jay " insularis 184 482 Arizona Jay " sieberi arizonae 183 482_a_ Couch's Jay " " couchi 183 483 Green Jay Xanthoura luxuosa glaucescens 185 484 Canada Jay Perisoreus canadensis canadensis 252 484_a_ Rocky Mountain Jay " " capitalis 252 484_b_ Alaska Jay " " fumifrons 252 484_c_ Labrador Jay " " nigricapillus 252 485 Oregon Jay " " obscurus obscurus 252 485_a_ Gray Jay " " griseus 252 486 American Raven Corvus corax sinuatus 255 486_a_ Northern Raven " " princ.i.p.alis 255 487 White-necked Raven " cryptoleucus 255 488 American Crow " brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos 255 488_a_ Florida Crow " brachyrhnchos pascuus 255 488_b_ Western Crow " " hesperis 304 489 Northwestern Crow " caurinus 255 490 Fish Crow " ossifragus 255 [490.1] Rook " frugilegus A.V.

[490.2] Hooded Crow " cornix A.V.

491 Clarke's Crow Nucifraga columbiana 252 492 Pinon Jay Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus 183

Family STURNID?. Starlings.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

[493] Starling Sturnus vulgaris 253

Family ICTERID?. Blackbirds, Orioles, etc.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

494 Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus 251 495 Cowbird Molothrus ater ater 253 495_a_ Dwarf Cowbird " " obscurus 253 496 Red-eyed Cowbird Tangavius aeneus involucratus 253 496_a_ Bronzed Cowbird " " aeneus 304 497 Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus 199 498 Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius ph?niceus ph?niceus 178 498_a_ Sonora Red-wing " " sonoriensis 178 498_b_ Bahama Red-wing " " bryanti 178 498_c_ Florida Red-wing " " florida.n.u.s 178 498_d_ Thick-billed Red-wing " " fortis 178 498_e_ San Diego Red-wing " " neutralis 178 498_f_ Northwestern Red-wing " " caurinus 178 498_g_ Vera Cruz Red-wing " " richmondi 298 499 Bicolored Blackbird " gubernator californicus 179 500 Tricolored Blackbird " tricolor 179 501 Meadowlark Sturnella magna magna 199 501_a_ Rio Grande Meadowlark " " hoopesi 199 501_c_ Southern Meadowlark " " argutula 199 501.1 Western Meadowlark " neglecta 199 503 Audubon's Oriole Icterus melanocephalus auduboni 180 504 Scott's Oriole " parisorum 186 505 Sennett's Oriole " cucullatus sennetti 186 505_a_ Arizona Hooded Oriole " " nelsoni 186 506 Orchard Oriole " spurius 206 507 Baltimore Oriole " galbula 186 508 Bullock's Oriole " bullocki 186 509 Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus 254 510 Brewer's Blackbird " cyanocephalus 254 511 Purple Grackle Quiscalus quiscula quiscula 254 511_a_ Florida Grackle " " aglaeus 254 511_b_ Bronzed Grackle " " aeneus 254 513 Boat-tailed Grackle Megaquiscalus major major 254 513_a_ Great-tailed Grackle " " macrourus 254

Family FRINGILLID?. Finches, Sparrows, etc.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

514 Evening Grosbeak Hesperiphona vespertina vespertina 199 514_a_ Western Evening Grosbeak " " montana 199 515 Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator leucura 171 515_a_ Rocky Mt. Pine Grosbeak " " montana 171 515_b_ California Pine Grosbeak " " californica 171 515_c_ Alaska Pine Grosbeak " " alascensis 171 515_d_ Kadiak Pine Grosbeak " " flammula 171 [516] Ca.s.sin's Bullfinch Pyrrhula ca.s.sini A.V.

517 Purple Finch Carpodacus purpureus purpureus 171 517_a_ California Purple Finch " " californicus 171 518 Ca.s.sin's Purple Finch " ca.s.sini 175 519 House Finch " mexica.n.u.s frontalis 175 519_b_ San Lucas House Finch " " ruberrimus 175 519_c_ San Clemente House Finch " " clementis 175 520 Guadalupe House Finch " amplus 175 520.1 McGregor's House Finch " mcgregori 175 521 American Crossbill Loxia curvirostra minor 173 521_a_ Mexican Crossbill " " stricklandi 173 522 White-winged Crossbill " leucoptera 171 523 Aleutian Rosy Finch Leucosticte griseonucha 179 524 Gray-crowned Rosy Finch " tephrocotis tephrocotis 179 524_a_ Hepburn's Rosy Finch " " littoralis 179 525 Black Rosy Finch " atrata 179 526 Brown-capped Rosy Finch " australis 179 527 Greenland Redpoll Acanthis hornemanni hornemanni 176 527_a_ h.o.a.ry Redpoll " " exilipes 176 528 Redpoll " linaria linaria 176 528_a_ Holb?ll's Redpoll " " holb?lli 176 528_b_ Greater Redpoll " " rostrata 176 529 Goldfinch Astragalinus tristis tristis 192 529_a_ Pale Goldfinch " " pallidus 192 529_b_ Willow Goldfinch " " salicamans 192 530 Arkansas Goldfinch " psaltria psaltria 192 530_a_ Green-backed Goldfinch " " hesperophilus 299 531 Lawrence's Goldfinch " lawrencei 189 [532] Black-headed Goldfinch Spinus notatus A.V.

533 Pine Siskin " pinus pinus 225 534 Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis 211 534_a_ Pribilof Snow Bunting " " townsendi 211 535 McKay's Snow Bunting " hyperboreus 211 536 Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus lapponicus 219 536_a_ Alaska Longspur " " alascensis 219 537 Smith's Longspur " pictus 220 538 Chestnut-collared Longspur " ornatus 218 539 McCown's Longspur Rhynchophanes mccowni 218 540 Vesper Sparrow Po?cetes gramineus gramineus 221 540_a_ Western Vesper Sparrow " " confinis 221 540_b_ Oregon Vesper Sparrow " " affinis 221 541 Ipswich Sparrow Pa.s.serculus princeps 225 542 Aleutian Savannah Sparrow " sandwichensis sandwichensis 223 542_a_ Savannah Sparrow " sandwichensis savanna 223 542_b_ Western Savannah Sparrow " " alaudinus 223 542_c_ Bryant's Sparrow " " bryanti 223 542_d_ Nevada Savannah Sparrow " " nevadensis 300 543 Belding's Sparrow " beldingi 223 544 Large-billed Sparrow " rostratus rostratus 223 544_a_ San Lucas Sparrow " " guttatus 223 544_c_ San Benito Sparrow " " sanctorum 224 545 Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdi 224 546 Gra.s.shopper Sparrow " savannarum australis 224 546_a_ Western Gra.s.shopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum bimaculatus 224 546_b_ Florida Gra.s.shopper Sparrow " " florida.n.u.s 224 547 Henslow's Sparrow Pa.s.serherbulus henslowi henslowi 224 547_a_ Western Henslow's Sparrow " " occidentalis 224 548 Leconte's Sparrow " lecontei 225 549 Sharp-tailed Sparrow " caudacutus 225 549.1 Nelson's Sparrow " nelsoni nelsoni 225 549.1_a_ Acadian Sharp-tailed Sparrow " " subvirgatus 225 550 Seaside Sparrow " maritimus maritimus 226 550_a_ Scott's Seaside Sparrow " " peninsulae 226 550_b_ Texas Seaside Sparrow " " sennetti 226 550_c_ Fisher's Seaside Sparrow " " fisheri 226 550_d_ Macgillivray's Seaside Sparrow " " macgillivraii 226 551 Dusky Seaside Sparrow " nigrescens 226 552 Lark Sparrow Chondestes grammacus grammacus 228 552_a_ Western Lark Sparrow " " strigatus 228 553 Harris's Sparrow Zonotrichia querula 229 554 White-crowned Sparrow " leucophrys leucophrys 227 554_a_ Gambel's Sparrow " " gambeli 227 554_b_ Nuttall's Sparrow " " nuttalli 227 557 Golden-crowned Sparrow " coronata 227 558 White-throated Sparrow " albicollis 227 559 Tree Sparrow Spizella monticola monticola 222 559_a_ Western Tree Sparrow " " ochracea 222 560 Chipping Sparrow " pa.s.serina pa.s.serina 222 560_a_ Western Chipping Sparrow " " arizonae 222 561 Clay-colored Sparrow " pallida 228 562 Brewer's Sparrow " breweri 228 563 Field Sparrow " pusilla pusilla 222 563_a_ Western Field Sparrow " " arenacea 222 564 Worthen's Sparrow " wortheni 228 565 Black-chinned Sparrow " atrogularis 219 566 White-winged Junco Junco aikeni 240 567 Slate-Colored Junco " hyemalis hyemalis 240 567_a_ Oregon Junco " " orega.n.u.s 241 567_b_ Shufeldt's Junco " " connectens 241 567_c_ Thurber's Junco " " thurberi 241 567_d_ Point Pinos Junco " " pinosus 241 567_e_ Carolina Junco " " carolinensis 240 567_f_ Montana Junco " " monta.n.u.s 240 567_g_ Pink-sided Junco Junco hyemalis mearnsi 240 567_h_ Ridgway's Junco " " annectens 303 567_i_ Townsend's Junco " " townsendi 240 570 Arizona Junco " phaeonotus palliatus 241 570_a_ Red-backed Junco " " dorsalis 241 570_b_ Gray-headed Junco " " caniceps 241 571 Baird's Junco " bairdi 240 572 Guadalupe Junco " insularis 240 573 Black-throated Sparrow Amphispiza bilineata bilineata 249 573_a_ Desert Black-throated Sparrow " " deserticola 249 574 Bell's Sparrow " belli 228 574.1 Sage Sparrow " nevadensis nevadensis 228 574.1_a_ Gray Sage Sparrow " " cinerea 228 574.1_b_ California Sage Sparro " " canescens 300 575 Pine-woods Sparrow Peucaea aestivalis 221 575_a_ Bachman's Sparrow " " bachmani 221 576 Botteri's Sparrow " botterii 221 578 Ca.s.sin's Sparrow " ca.s.sini 221 579 Rufous-winged Sparrow Aimophila carpalis 220 580 Rufous-crowned Sparrow " ruficeps ruficeps 220 580_a_ Scott's Sparrow " " scotti 220 580_b_ Rock Sparrow " " erem?ca 220 580_c_ Laguna Sparrow " " sororia 220 581 Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia melodia 229 581_a_ Desert Song Sparrow " " fallax 229 581_b_ Mountain Song Sparrow " " montana 229 581_c_ Heermann's Song Sparrow " " heermanni 229 581_d_ Samuel's Song Sparrow " " samuelis 230 581_e_ Rusty Song Sparrow " " morphna 230 581_f_ Sooty Song Sparrow " " rufina 230 581_g_ Brown's Song Sparrow " " rivularis 229 581_h_ Santa Barbara Song Sparrow " " graminea 230 581_i_ San Clemente Song Sparrow " " clementae 230 581_j_ Dakota Song Sparrow " " juddi 229 581_k_ Merrill's Song Sparrow " " merrilli 229 581_l_ Alameda Song Sparrow " " pusillula 230 581_m_ San Diego Song Sparrow " " cooperi 230 581_n_ Yakutat Song Sparrow " " caurina 230 581_o_ Kenai Song Sparrow " " kenaiensis 230 581_p_ Mendocino Song Sparrow " " cleonensis 301 581_q_ Kadiak Song Sparrow " " insignis 230 581_r_ Aleutian Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia sanaka 230 581_s_ Suisun Song Sparrow " " maxillaris 300 583 Lincoln's Sparrow " lincolni lincolni 226 583_a_ Forbush's Sparrow " " striata 226 584 Swamp Sparrow " georgiana 222 585 Fox Sparrow Pa.s.serella iliaca iliaca 231 585_a_ Shumagin Sparrow " " unalaschcensis 231 585_b_ Thick-billed Sparrow " " megarhyncha 231 585_c_ Slate-colored Sparrow " " schistacea 231 585_d_ Stephen's Sparrow " " stephensi 231 585_e_ Sooty Fox Sparrow " " fuliginosa 301 585_f_ Kadiak Fox Sparrow " " insularis 301 586 Texas Sparrow Arremonops rufivirgatus 215 587 Towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus 204 587_a_ White-eyed Towhee " erythrophthalmus alleni 204 588 Arctic Towhee " maculatus arcticus 204 588_a_ Spurred Towhee " " monta.n.u.s 204 588_b_ Oregon Towhee " " oregonus 204 588_c_ San Clemente Towhee " " clementae 204 588_d_ San Diego Towhee " " megalonyx 204 588_e_ Large-billed Towhee " " magnirostris 204 589 Guadalupe Towhee " consobrinus 204 591 Canon Towhee " fuscus mesoleucus 205 591_a_ San Lucas Towhee " " albigula 205 591.1 California Towhee " crissalis crissalis 205 591.1_a_ Anthony's Towhee " " senicula 205 592 Abert's Towhee " aberti 205 592.1 Green-tailed Towhee Oreospiza chlorura 206 593 Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis 177 593_a_ Arizona Cardinal " " superbus 172 593_b_ San Lucas Cardinal " " igneus 172 593_c_ Gray-tailed Cardinal " " canicaudus 172 593_d_ Florida Cardinal " " florida.n.u.s 172 594 Arizona Pyrrhuloxia Pyrrhuloxia sinuata sinuata 172 594_a_ Texas Pyrrhuloxia " " texana 172 594_b_ San Lucas Pyrrhuloxia " " peninsulae 172 595 Rose-breasted Grosbeak Zamelodia ludoviciana 174 596 Black-headed Grosbeak " melanocephala 207 597 Blue Grosbeak Guiraca caerulea caerulea 181 597_a_ Western Blue Grosbeak Guiraca caerulea lazula 181 598 Indigo Bunting Pa.s.serina cyanea 181 599 Lazuli Bunting " am?na 180 600 Varied Bunting " versicolor versicolor 180 600_a_ Beautiful Bunting " " pulchra 180 601 Painted Bunting " ciris 180 602 Sharpe's Seed-eater Sporophila morelleti sharpei 249 [603] Gra.s.squit Tiaris bicolor A.V.

[603.1] Melodious Gra.s.squit " canora A.V.

604 d.i.c.kcissel Spiza americana 198 605 Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys 252

Family TANGARID?. Tanagers.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

607 Western Tanager Piranga ludoviciana 171 608 Scarlet Tanager " erythromelas 171 609 Hepatic Tanager " hepatica 171 610 Summer Tanager " rubra rubra 171 610_a_ Cooper's Tanager " " cooperi 171

Family HIRUNDINID?. Swallows.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

611 Purple Martin Progne subis subis 250 611_a_ Western Martin " " hesperia 250 611.1 Cuban Martin " cryptoleuca 250 611.2 Gray-breasted Martin " chalybea 304 612 Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon lunifrons lunifrons 250 612_a_ Lesser Cliff Swallow " " tachina 304 612_b_ Mexican Cliff Swallow " " melanogastra 250 [612.1] Cuban Cliff Swallow " fulva A.V.

613 Barn Swallow Hirundo erythrogastra 250 [613.1] European Swallow " rustica A.V.

614 Tree Swallow Iridoprocne bicolor 250 615 Northern Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thala.s.sina lepida 250 615_a_ San Lucas Swallow " " brachyptera 250 [615.1] Bahama Swallow Callichelidon cyaneoviridis A.V.

[615.2] European Martin Chelidonaria urbica A.V.

616 Bank Swallow Riparia riparia A.V.

617 Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis 211

Family BOMBYCILLID? Waxwings.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page

618 Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrula 198 619 Cedar Waxwing " cedrorum 198

Family PTILOGONATID?. Silky Flycatchers.

A.O.U.

No. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Page