Color Key to North American Birds Part 65

=462a. Large-billed Wood Pewee= (_C. r. peninsulae_). Similar to No. 462, but smaller, W. 3.3; the bill larger, length from nostril .42, width at nostril, .31; upperparts grayer. (Brewster.)

Range.--Cape Region of Lower California.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 466.]

=466. Traill Flycatcher= (_Empidonax traillii_). Similar to No. 466a, but upperparts browner with little if any real greenish tinge; bill averaging narrower.

Range.--Western United States; breeds from western Texas and southern California north to Alaska and Great Slave Lake, east to Kansas, Missouri and Illinois; winters in the tropics.

=466a. Alder Flycatcher= (_E. t. alnorum_). L. 6.1; W. 2.8. _Ads._ Lower mandible horn color; below white, breast grayish; breast and sides faintly washed with yellow; above _brownish_ olive-green; wing-bars usually buffy. Like No. 467, but larger. _Notes._ _P?p_ of alarm, and an explosive _??-z??-e-up_ with stress on the rasping _z??_. (Dwight.)

Range.--Eastern United States, west to Michigan; breeds from northern New Jersey (locally) north to New Brunswick; winters in the tropics.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 467.]

=467. Least Flycatcher= (_Empidonax minimus_). 5.4; W. 2.5. _Ads._ Similar in color to No. 466a, but smaller, tail slightly forked.

_Yng._ Wing-bars more buffy. _Notes._ a vigorous _chebec_, _chebec_; rarely a flight song, "_chebec_, _tooral-ooral_."

Range.--Eastern North America, west to western Texas and eastern Colorado; breeds from Pennsylvania (North Carolina, in the Alleghanies) north to New Brunswick and Great Slave Lake; winters in Central America.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 468.]

=468. Hammond Flycatcher= (_Empidonax hammondi_). L. 5.5. _Ads._ Bill smallest of our _Empidonaces, lower_ mandible _brown_; _throat_ and breast grayish, breast and belly slightly washed with sulphur; above grayish with a slight olive tint. Like No. 467, but bill smaller, lower mandible browner, throat grayer.

Range.--Western North America; breeds from the mountains of New Mexico, Arizona, and southern Athabasca, east to Colorado, winters in Mexico.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 469.]

=469. Wright Flycatcher= (_Empidonax wrightii_). Similar to No. 468, but underparts whiter; bill much longer, longest and narrowest of our _Empidonaces_; lower mandible whitish at base, brownish at tip; outer web of outer tail-feather white.

Range.--Western United States, east to eastern slope of Rockies; breeds from mountains of New Mexico, Arizona, and southern California north to Montana and southern Oregon; winters in Mexico.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 469.1.]

=469.1. Gray Flycatcher= (_Empidonax griseus_). L. 6. _Ads._ Above gray with a _slight_ brownish tinge; below grayish white with little or no yellow. Grayest of our _Empidonaces_.

Range.--Western Mexico and Lower California north to southern California and Arizona, (Fort Verde.)

[Ill.u.s.tration: 463.]

=463. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher= (_Empidonax flaviventris_). L. 5.6.

_Ads._ Below distinctly greenish yellow, belly brighter; above _bright_ olive-green. _Yng._ Brighter, wing-bars buffy. _Notes._ _Ps?-?k'_ in one harsh explosive syllable; a plaintive _ch-?-e-p_. (Dwight.)

Range.--Eastern North America, west to the Plains; breeds from northern New England (south in Alleghanies to Pennsylvania), northern New York, and Minnesota, north to Labrador and Northwest Territories; winters in Central America.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 464.]

=464. Western Flycatcher= (_Empidonax difficilis_). Similar to No. 463, but brighter yellow below, breast washed with brownish instead of greenish; above yellower. _Notes._ A soft low note, and a wailing _pee-eu_. (C. A. Allen.)

Range.--Western North America; east to about Long. 100; breeds from Mexican border north to southern Alaska; winters in Mexico and Central America.

=464.1. St. Lucas Flycatcher= (_Empidonax cineritius_). Most like No. 464, but much duller; scarcely a tinge of green above; no decided yellow below except on throat and abdomen. (Brewster.)

Range.--Lower California, from Cape Region north, rarely, to southern California.

=464.2. Santa Barbara Flycatcher= (_Empidonax insulicola_). Similar to No. 464, but above darker and browner; below paler. (Oberholser.)

Range.--Santa Barbara Islands, California.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 465.]

=465. Green-crested Flycatcher= (Empidonax virescens). L. 5.7. _Ads._ Throat and belly _white_, breast grayish; sides, breast and sometimes belly, washed with sulphur; back olive-green, a tint lighter than in No. 463; lower mandible _whitish_; wing-bars buffy. _Notes._ _Spee_ or _peet_ and _pee-e-yuk'_.

Range.--Eastern United States, west to the Plains; breeds from the Gulf States to southern Connecticut and Manitoba; winters in Central America.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 646.]

=646. Orange-crowned Warbler= (_Helminthophila celata_). L. 5.

No white in wings or tail. _Ad._ [Male]. Above olive-green more or less washed with grayish; a concealed, reddish orange crown-patch; below dusky yellowish green. _Ad._ [Female]. Similar, but grayer, crown-patch smaller or wanting. _Yng._ Like [Female], but no crown-patch. _Notes._ Song full and strong, not very high pitched and ending abruptly on a rising scale, _chee_, _chee_, _chee_, _chw'_, _chw'_. (Jones.)

Range.--Interior of North America, breeding from Manitoba and mountains of New Mexico to Alaska; winters in Gulf States and southward; rare in Atlantic states north of South Carolina.

=646a. Lutescent Warbler= (_H. c. lutescens_). Similar to No. 646, but greener above, yellower below; underparts distinctly yellow with a dusky wash.

Range.--Pacific coast; breeding in mountains from southern California to Kenai Peninsula, Alaska; winters from California south into Mexico; east to Colorado in migrations.

=646b. Dusky Warbler= (_H. c. sordida_). Similar to No. 646a, but decidedly darker, bill and feet larger, wing shorter and tail longer.

(Ridgw.)

Range.--Breeds in Santa Barbara Islands, California; later occurs on adjoining mainland.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 472.]

=472. Beardless Flycatcher= (_Ornithion imberbe_). L. 4.5; W. 2.10.

_Ads._ Bill small, narrow, upper mandible decidedly curved; above gray tinged with olive, below grayish white with a yellow tinge.

Range.--Central America; north in spring to Lower Rio Grande Texas.

=472a. Ridgway Flycatcher= (_O. i. ridgwayi_). Similar to No. 472, but larger, W. 2.2; grayer, little if any sulphur tinge on underparts.

(Ridgw.) _Notes._ Call, a shrill _pier_ repeated; song, from the tree-tops, _yoop_, _yoop_, _yoopeedeedledee_. (Stephens.)

Range.--Southern border of Mexican tableland north in spring to southern Arizona.