The Spirit Lake Massacre Part 20

CHAPTER XX

[208] Hubbard and Holcombe's _Minnesota in Three Centuries_, Vol. III, p. 239.

[209] Report of Captain Barnard E. Bee in _House Executive Doc.u.ments_, 1st Session, 35th Congress, Vol. II, Pt. II, Doc. No. 2, p. 146.

[210] Mrs. Sharp's _History of the Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 160-162.

[211] Quoted from the _St. Paul Pioneer and Democrat_ for May 16, 1857, in Holcombe's _Minnesota in Three Centuries_, Vol. III, p. 240.

[212] Mrs. Sharp's _History of the Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 158-160.

[213] Hubbard and Holcombe's _Minnesota in Three Centuries_, Vol. III, pp. 241, 242.

CHAPTER XXI

[214] For information concerning the journey and findings of Howe, Wheelock, and Parmenter see _The Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre and Relief Expedition_ in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp.

895, 896; Mrs. Sharp's _History of the Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 125, 126; Smith's _History of d.i.c.kinson County, Iowa_, pp. 49, 74, 75; Carpenter's _The Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre_ in the _Midland Monthly_, Vol. IV, p. 26; Flickinger's _Pioneer History of Pocahontas County, Iowa_, p. 35; Gue's _History of Iowa_, Vol. I, p. 311.

[215] _Address of Capt. Charles B. Richards_, at the placing of a memorial tablet in the Hamilton County Court House, in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 509.

[216] Carpenter's _The Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre_ in the _Midland Monthly_, Vol. IV, p. 26; _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 525; Smith's _History of d.i.c.kinson County, Iowa_, p. 75.

[217] _Letter from Sergt. Harris Hoover_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 551; Hoover's _The Tragedy of Okoboji_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. V, p. 16.

[218] Hoover's _The Tragedy of Okoboji_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. V, p. 16.

[219] _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 526.

[220] _The Narrative of W. K. Laughlin_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 542.

[221] _The Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre and Relief Expedition_ in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp. 932-937; _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. II, p. 71. See also the west tablet on the State Memorial Monument near the Gardner cabin, Arnold's Park, Okoboji, Iowa.

[222] _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, pp. 525, 526; _The Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre and Relief Expedition_ in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, p.

897.

[223] _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp. 922, 923, 928; Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 495.

[224] The roster as here given is that found in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp. 922-932, and is also to be found on the west tablet of the Memorial Monument at Arnold's Park, Okoboji, Iowa. Harris Hoover in his _Expedition to Spirit Lake_ in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), August 20, 1857, differs somewhat.

[225] _Address of Capt. Charles B. Richards_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 510.

[226] _Mr. Duncombe's Address_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 495.

[227] Hoover in his _Expedition to Spirit Lake_ in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), August 20, 1857, speaks of Major Williams as "afflicted with rheumatism, and the frost of 70 winters whitening his brow" as resolutely setting "forward at our head." This Major Williams resented and took occasion to reply in the succeeding issue of the _Freeman_ that "I can't agree to be made so old. I was 60 last December [1856], and never have I been afflicted with rheumatism in my life.... I don't wish to be considered so old."

CHAPTER XXII

[228] _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 526.

[229] Hoover's _Expedition to Spirit Lake_ in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), August 20, 1857; _Address of Capt. Charles B.

Richards_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, pp. 510, 511.

[230] _A Paper by Michael Sweeney_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 539; _The Narrative of W. K. Laughlin_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 542; Hoover's _Expedition to Spirit Lake_ in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), August 20, 1857.

[231] Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 496.

[232] _Address of Capt. Charles B. Richards_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 510.

[233] Hoover's _Expedition to Spirit Lake_ in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), August 20, 1857. See also Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 496; _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 527; _A Paper by Michael Sweeney_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 538.

[234] McKnight's Point was on the West Fork of the Des Moines, on the Fort Ridgely road, about two miles to the southeast of the mouth of Bridge Creek.--See map in Parker's _Iowa As It Is_, 1857.

[235] Hoover's _The Tragedy of Okoboji_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. V, p. 17; Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 497.

[236] _A Paper by Michael Sweeney_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 539.

[237] _A Paper by Michael Sweeney_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 539.

[238] For this incident see Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, pp. 498, 499; Hoover's _The Tragedy of Okoboji_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. V, pp. 17, 18.

[239] Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 499.

[240] Carpenter's _The Spirit Lake Ma.s.sacre_ in the _Midland Monthly_, Vol. IV, p. 27.

[241] _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp. 929, 934.

[242] _The Narrative of W. K. Laughlin_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 542.

[243] Duncombe's _Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 500.

[244] For the enlistments of these individuals see the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp. 924, 925, 926.

[245] In the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, pp. 929 and 931, it is stated that Thatcher and Burtch enlisted either at Fort Dodge on March twenty-third or at s.h.i.+ppey's on March twenty-eighth.

The latter place and date seem far more probable than do the former.

[246] _A Paper by Michael Sweeney_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 539; _The Narrative of W. K. Laughlin_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 542.

[247] _The Narrative of W. K. Laughlin_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 542.

CHAPTER XXIII

[248] _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 527.

[249] Carpenter's _The Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 483.

[250] Carpenter's _The Spirit Lake Expedition_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 500; _Address of John N. Maxwell_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 527; _The Narrative of W. K. Laughlin_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p.