Scandinavian influence on Southern Lowland Scotch Part 10

GEDDE, _sb._ a pike (fish). Bruce, II, 576; Sat. P. I, 53, 9. O.N.

_gedda_, the pike, Dan. _gjedde_, Sw. _gadda_. Not in M.E., except in Sco. works, and does not seem to exist in Eng.

diall.

GEMSAL, YEMSEILL, YHEMSALE, _sb._ concealment, secrecy. Bruce, XX, 231; Wyntoun, VIII, 19, 206; VIII, 36, 84. O.N. _goymsla_, O. Ic. _geymsla_, Norse _gymsla_, _gymsel_, concealment.

Dano-Norse _gjemsel_. The ending _sal_ is distinctively Scand.

Cp. _traengsel_, misery; _laengsel_, longing; _hrsel_, hearing; _pinsel_, torture; _trudsel_, threat; _opfrsel_, conduct; Sco. _tynsell, hansell_, etc.

GEN?ELD, _sb._ reward, recompense. Douglas, II, 100, 12; II, 111, 17; Scott, 59, 62. O.N. _gegn-gjald_, reward, O. Dan.

_gengaeld_, _giengiald_ id., _giengielde_, to reward, Norse _gjengjaeld_. _Gen_ is the same as the _gegn_ in _gegna_, to suit, _-?eld_ can be either Scand. or Eng. The palatal _g_ is also Scand. in this word. The compound _gen?eld_ is Scand. In Sco. also spelled _gan?eld_, _gayn?eild_.

GER, GAR, _vb._ to make, cause, force. O.N. _gera_ (Cl. and V.).

O. Dan. _gorae_, Sw. _gora_, Norse _gjera_, to do, to make.

O. Nh. _gorva_. _Gar_ is the modern form which exhibits regular Sco. change of _er_ to _ar_. Cp. _serk_, _sark_; _werk_, _wark_.

GESTNYNG, _sb._ hospitality. Douglas, III, 315, 8. O.N. _gistning_, a pa.s.sing the night as a guest at a place, _gista_, vb. to spend the night with one, _gestr_, guest. O. Dan. _gaestning_, O. Sw. _gastning_, _gistning_.

GLETE, GLEIT, _vb._ to glitter. Douglas, I, 33; II, 88, 16; Montg.

C. and S., 1288; Dunbar, G.T., 66. O.N. _glita_, to glitter, Dan. _glitte_. Cp. Shetland _glid_, a glittering object. O.E.

_glitnian_ > M.E. _glitenien_, as O.E. _glisnian_ > M.E.

_glistnian_, N. Eng. _glisten_. The M.E. _glitenian_ (N.Eng.

*_glitten_) was replaced by the Scand. _glitter_.

GLEIT, _sb._ literally "anything s.h.i.+ning," used in Palace of Honour, II, 8, for polish of speech. See the vb.

GLEY, _sb._ a look, glance, stare. Mansie Wauch, 85, 10; 117, 37.

See Wall, _gley_, to squint, B-S. _glien_. Cp. Sw. dial.

_glia_.

GLEG, _adj._ sharp. See Wall, deriv. _glegly_, quickly.

GLITTERIT, _adj._ full of glitter. Dunbar, T.M.W., 30. See _glitter_ in Skeat.

GOWK, _sb._ a fool. O.N. _gaukr_, Norse _gaeuk_, O. Sw. _goker_, Dan.

_gjog_. In Sco. very frequently spelled _goilk_, _golk_. Cu.

_April-gowk_, April fool.

GOWL, _vb._ to scream, yell. O.N. _gaula_, Norse _gaeula_, to yell, to scream. Shetland _gjol_, _gol_, to howl, seems to be the same word, but the palatal before _o_ is strange. Cp. Sco.

_gowle_.

GOWLYNGE, _sb._ screaming, howling. R.R. 823, pr. p. of _gowl_.

Cp. O.N. _gaulan_, Norse _gaeuling_, sb. screaming.

GRAIP, _sb._ a dung-fork. Burns, 38, 1, 2. Johnnie Gibb, 102, 18; 214, 21. Norse _graeip_, id., Dan. _greb_, a three-p.r.o.nged fork.

GRAITH, _adj._ ready, direct. Bruce, IV, 759; Wallace, V, 76. O.N.

_graeir_, ready, Norse _greid_, simple, clear, ready. Deriv.

_graithly_, directly, Gol. and Gau. 54. Cp. Yorks.h.i.+re _graidly_, proper.

GRAITH, _vb._ make ready, dress, furnish, equip. C.S., 39; R.R., 424; Psalms XVIII, 32. O.N. _graeia_, to disentangle, set in order, make ready. Norse _greide_, to dress (the hair). Cu.

_graitht_, dressed.

GRANE, _sb._ twig, branch. Douglas, II, 10, 27; Dunbar, 76. O.N.

_graein_, Norse _grein_, Dan. _gren_, O. Sw. _gren_, branch.

The Dan. and Sw. forms show monophthongation. The Sco. word agrees best with the Norse.

GRANIT, _adj._ forked. Douglas, II, 133, 4. O.N. _graeina_, to branch, divide into branches, separate. Norse _graeina_, Sw., Dan. _grena_, id., O. Sw. _grenadh_, adj. forked, Cu.

_grainet_.

GRAYTH, GRAITH, _sb._ equipment, possessions. Dunbar, 229; Lyndsay, 154, 4753; Burns, 23, 18. O.N. _graeia_, means "tools, possessions," originally "order." Cp. the vb. In Douglas, III, 3, 25, _graith_ means "preparation."

GRAITHLY, _adv._ directly, speedily. Bruce, XIX, 708; X, 205. O.N.

_graeiliga_, readily, promptly.

GRITH, _sb._ peace, truce. Wallace, X, 884. O.N., O. Dan. _gri_, truce, protection, peace. O. Sw. _gri_, _gru_. Occurs very often in the parts of the A-S. Chronicle dealing with the wars with the Danes, for the first time in 1002. "_Fri and gri_,"

meant "truce," or "peace and protection." See Steenstrup's discussion of these words, pp. 245-250.

GROUF, on growfe, _adj._ p.r.o.ne, on one's face. Douglas, IV, 20, 24; Dunbar, 136, 12. O.N. _a grufu_, grovelling. Norse _aa gruva_, id., O. Sw. _a gruvo_. Sw. diall. _gruva, gruv_, Dan. _paa gru_.

GRYS, GRYCE, _sb._ a pig. Douglas, II, 143, 14; Lyndsay, 218, 300; Montg., F., 88. O.N. _griss_, a young pig, swine, O. Dan.

_gris_, Norse _gris_.

GUKK, _vb._ to act the fool. Dunbar, F., 497. Probably to be derived from _gowk_, sb. a fool. It cannot very well come from _geck_, to jest, the vowels do not correspond. In Poet. R., 108, 5, _gukit_ means "foolish, giddy."

GYLL, _sb._ cleft, glen, ravine. Douglas, III, 148, 2; Sat. P., 12, 71. O.N. _gil_, a narrow glen with a stream at the bottom, Norse _gil_, _gyl_, a mountain ravine. Cp. Cu. _gill_, _ghyll_.

GYLMYR, _sb._ a ewe in her second year. C.S., 66. O.N. _gymbr_, a ewe lamb a year old, also _gymbr-lamb_, Norse _gymber_, Dan. _gimber_, M.E. _gimbir_, _gimbyr_, Cu. _gimmer_. In northwestern England and Scotland a.s.similation of _mb_ to _mm_ took place. Our word has excrescent _l_, cp. _chalmer_, not uncommon.

GYRTH, _sb._ a sanctuary, protection. Bruce, IV, 47; II, 44; C.S., 115. O.N. _gri_, a sanctuary, a truce. O. Sw. _gri_, _gru_, M.Norse _gred_, protection. Cu. _gurth_, cp. _grith_.

GYRTH _sb._ a hoop for a barrel, the barrel. R.R., 27, 81. O.N.

_gjor_, a girdle, a hoop, Dan. _gjord_, Norse _gjord_, _gjaar_, _gjoir_, hoop, girdle, O.E. form _gyrd_. Cp. O.N.

_gira_, to gird, and _giri_, wood for making hoops.

GYRTHYN, _sb._ saddle-strap, saddle-band. Wyntoun, VIII, 36, 64.

O.N. _gjor_. See Skeat, _girth_. Our word is not nominative pl. as the editor of Wyntoun takes it, but is the singular originally pr. p. of _girth_, to gird, to strap. In Poet. R.

113, occurs the form _girthing_. Cp. Cu. _girting_, _girtings_.

HAILSE, _vb._ to greet, salute. Bruce, II, 153; C.S., 141. O.N.

_helsa_, older _haeilsa_, to hailsay one, to greet, O. Sw.

_helsa_, Dan. _hilse_, Norse _helsa_, id., M.E. _hailsen_.

This word is entirely different from O.E. _healsian_, which is _heals_ + _ian_ and meant "beseech, implore," literally "embrace." The form of this was _halsian_ in O. Nhb., from which Sco. _hawse_, to embrace.

HAILSING, HALSING, _sb._ a salute, greeting. Douglas, II, 243, 31; Dunbar "Freires of Berwick" 57; Rosw. and Lill. 589. O.N., O. Sw., Norse _helsa_, see above; Norse _helsing_, Dan.

_hilsning_, a greeting. _Hailsing_ formed direct from the vb.

_hailse_.

HAINE, _vb._ to protect, save. Fergusson, 171; Psalms LXXVIII, 50; Lx.x.x, 19; _we're hain'd_, we are saved. O.N. _hegna_, to hedge in, protect, _hegnar_, defence, Norse _hegna_, Dan. _hegne_, O. Sw. _haghna_, to hedge in for the sake of protecting. Cu.