Mother's Remedies Part 69

Causes of Insanity.--There are many and various causes. One author states: "Mental abnormality is always due to either imperfect or eccentric physical development, or to the effects of inborn or acquired physical disease, or to injurious impressions, either ante-natal or post natal, upon the delicate and intricate physical structure known as the human brain." Some physical imperfections, more than others, give rise to mental derangements, and some persons, more than others, when affected by any bodily ailment, tend to aberrated conditions of the mind. Some impressions more than others, are peculiarly unfortunate by reason of their crowding effects upon the brain tablets of a sensitive mind. To these natural defects and unnatural tendencies, we apply, in the general way, the term "Insane Diathesis." This diathesis may be inherited or acquired. Those who are born to become insane do not necessarily spring from insane parents or from an ancestry having any apparent taint of lunacy in the blood. But they do receive from their progenitors oftentimes certain impressions upon their mental and moral, as well as upon their physical being, which impressions, like iron molds, fix and shape their subsequent destinies."

The insane diathesis in the child may come from hysteria in the mother. A drunken father may impel epilepsy, madness or idiocy in the child.

Ungoverned pa.s.sions, from love to hate, from hope to fear, when indulged in overmuch by the parents, may unloose the furies of unrestrained madness in the minds of the children. "The insane may often trace their sad humiliation and utter unfitness for life's duties back through a tedious line of unrestrained pa.s.sion, of prejudice, bigotry, and superst.i.tion unbridled, of l.u.s.t unchecked, of intemperance uncontrolled, of avarice unmastered, and of nerve resources wasted, exhausted, and made bankrupt before its time. Timely warnings by the physician and appeals to his clients of today, may save them for his own treatment, instead of consigning them to an asylum where his fees cease from doubling, and the crazed ones are at rest." The causes of the insane diathesis (const.i.tution) are frequently traceable to the methods of life of those who produce children under such circ.u.mstances and conditions that the offspring bear the indelible birthmark of mental weakness. Early dissipations of the father produce an exhausted and enfeebled body; and a demoralized mind and an unholy and unhealthy existence in the mother, are causes. Fast living of parents in society is a fruitful cause of mental imperfections in their children. "The sons of royalty and the sons of the rich, are often weak in brain force because of the high living of their ancestry."

The fast high livers of today are developing rapidly and surely, strong tendencies to both mental and physical disorders. Elbert Hubbard says of those who live at a certain hotel and waste their substance there, that they are apt "to have gout at one end, general paresis at the other, and Bright's disease in the middle."

Drunkenness, l.u.s.t, rage, fear, mental anxiety or incompatibility, "if admitted to partic.i.p.ation in the act of impregnation will each, in turn or in combination, often set the seal of their presence in the shape of idiocy, imbecility, eccentricity, or absolute insanity."

Diogenes reproached a half-witted, cracked-brained unfortunate with this remark, "Surely, young man, thy father begat thee when he was drunk."

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Burton in his anatomy of melancholy states that: "If a drunken man begets a child it will never likely have a good brain," Michelet predicts: "Woe unto the children of darkness, the sons of drunkenness who were, nine months before their birth, an outrage on their mothers."

Children of drunkards are often "sad and hideous burlesques upon normal humanity." Business worry may cause unsoundness in the offspring generated under such conditions.

One father had two sons grow up strong and vigorous, mentally and physically, while a third son was weak, irresolute, fretful, suspicious and half demented. The father confessed to his physician that on account of business troubles he was half crazy and during this time the wife became pregnant and this half-crazy son was born and the father states that "he inherits just the state of mind I was then in." Many such cases could be mentioned. "A sound body and a cheerful mind can only be produced from healthy stock." Mental peculiarities are produced by unpleasant influences brought to bear upon the pregnant mother. The story is told of King James the Sixth of Scotland, that he was const.i.tutionally timid and showed great terror at a drawn sword. His father was murdered in his mother's presence while she was pregnant. Children born under the influence of fear may be troubled with apprehensions of impending calamity, so intense that they may become insane at last. An instance is given of "an insane man who always manifested the greatest fear of being killed and constantly implored those around him not to hurt him." His mother lived with her drunken husband who often threatened to kill her with a knife.

Other Causes of Insanity. Imperfect Nutrition.--Whatever tends to weaken the brain or exhaust the central forces of life must favor the growth of insanity. The brain is not properly nourished.

Blows and Falls upon the Head.--Sometimes such injuries are forgotten, but they result infrequently in stealthily developed, but none the less dangerous, conditions, which may result in the derangement of all mental faculties. A child should not be struck on the head. Teachers or parents should not box a child's ears. One author says such a person "is guilty of slow murder of innocents."

Fright is Another Cause.--Punis.h.i.+ng a child by locking it in a dark room or by "stories of greedy bears or grinning ghosts produces, oftentimes, a mental shock that makes a child wretched in early life, and drives him into insanity at a later date." Overtaxing the undeveloped physical powers is another cause.

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Insanity is most Prevalent among the Working Cla.s.ses.--Our factories, shops and stores frequently employ the young of both s.e.xes and they are overtaxed by day and night and they become feeders of our hospitals for the insane. Another cause is forced education in the young. Our present school system tends to break down the body. The work may not be too hard, but the amount of anxiety and worry, which this work causes in the minds of sensitive children, tends to enfeeble them. Many children are sensitive, with nervous temperaments, and they are easily affected by the strain of mental toil. Delicate children should be kept in the open air and their physical condition should be considered more than their mental.

Girls, especially, at the age of p.u.b.erty, should be built up instead of rushed through a heavy routine of study. Herbert Spencer says: "On old and young the pressure of modern life puts a still increasing strain. Go where you will, and before long there comes under your notice cases of children, or youths of either s.e.x, more or less injured by undue study." Here, to recover from a state of debility thus produced, a year's vacation has been found necessary. There you will find a chronic congestion of the brain that has already lasted many months and threatens to last much longer. Now you hear of a fever that has resulted from the over excitement, in some way, brought on at school. And, again, the instance is that of a youth who has already had to desist from his studies, and who, since he has returned to them is frequently taken out of his cla.s.s in a fainting fit.

Social pleasure also tends to weaken the system of parents who produce nervous and weakened children. Another great cause of insanity is the unnatural, improper and excessive use of the s.e.xual organs, and diseases that often come from indiscriminate s.e.xual relations. General paresis is very often caused by specific disease. I might go on and enlarge upon these causes, but enough has been written to give warning to those who are breaking nature's laws.

Cla.s.sification.--There are many cla.s.sifications. I will mention only the leading names, such as Melancholia, Mania. Dementia, General Paresis.

MELANCHOLIA (Sad Mania).--Melancholia is a disease characterized by great mental depression.

Causes--Predisposition, physical disease, dissipation, work and worry, shock, brooding. In simple melancholia the mildest attack may be called the "blues."

ACUTE MELANCHOLIA.--Is generally the result of some mental shock.

CHRONIC MELANCHOLIA is the end of all other forms of mental depression.

All these have their own peculiar manifestations and need a special line of treatment.

MANIA.--This type of insanity means a raving and furious madness. There are many cases of this kind. The causes are many and may be the same as those which produce melancholia. In melancholia the shock, etc., causes depression, while in the mania the causes of mental injury tend to produce irritation and excitement. In dementia, the causes of insanity tend to exhaust the body and to mental failure, while in general Paresis "the shock of disease comes after long and unwise contact with worry, wine and women." Insufficient sleep often causes mania. It often follows after exhausting and irritating fevers. Long continued ill health, together with worry, etc., may cause it.

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To sum up, "mania" may result from any unusual shock or strain upon the nervous system; or it may come after any unusual mental excitement in business, politics or in religion. Such are the exciting or stimulating causes, but we must go back of the presence of worldly misfortune and trace the tendency to mental disorder through channels of hereditary influence. "Infants are born every day whose inevitable goal is that of insanity." What is said in the Bible about sins of the parents is true.

DEMENTIA.--This term literally means "from mind," out of mind, and such a person is in a state of the most deplorable mental poverty. We all have seen such cases and some cases are not only very sad but disgusting.

PRIMARY DEMENTIA comes on independently of any other form of insanity.

SECONDARY DEMENTIA follows after some other form of insanity,--chiefly melancholia or mania. Dementia may be acute or chronic.

SENILE (OLD AGE) DEMENTIA may be Primary.--Acute dementia attacks both s.e.xes, but it occurs most often in females, though in a milder degree. It is a disease of youth, being rarely seen beyond thirty years of age. It seems to depend often upon exhausting influences operating at a period of rapid growth. Monotony of thought and feeling or want of mental food can also induce it. Children who are sent at an early age into factories often pa.s.s into the condition of acute dementia. Prison life also tends to produce such a condition. Acute diseases such as typhoid and other fevers are sometimes followed by acute dementia. Persons frequently go "out of their mind" suddenly in this age, and upon recovering from acute dementia, the patient finds a great "vacancy of memory."

Chronic Dementia.--Shakespeare says, "Last scene of all, that ends this strange, eventful history, is second childishness and mere oblivion; sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything."

"The Sans Everything."--Is the sad and hopeless obscuration by time or disease of the once bright, vigorous, scintillating mental powers of exhuperant and l.u.s.ty youth. Everyone has seen such people who are partially or hopelessly demented. It may come from diseases, such as epilepsy and syphilis; alcohol produces it.

Senile dementia is the result of old age and of acquired brain disease. It is different from simple old age or dotage. In old age the mind is weakened, but the patient is conscious of it, such a person forgets a name or date and gropes about in his memory to find it.

The demented person is not conscious of loss of memory, but applies wrong names to persons, and serenely thinks he is right.

The senile demented person does not realize his condition, and if there is any mental power left he cherishes delusions or false beliefs.

The victim of old age is unconscious of his weakness.

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GENERAL PARESIS.--Wine, worry and women produce a great many cases of this disease. The doctors claim a notorious criminal now committed to one asylum and about whom we have read so much, is a victim of this disease.

First stage.--There is worry, anxiety, sleeplessness and melancholy.

Second stage.--Stage of mania, wealth, power, and grandeur, alternating in some cases with attacks of temporary depressions.

Third stage.--Patient pa.s.ses into a condition of subacute or chronic mania, with a slow tendency to decadence of all the powers, idiotic.

Fourth stage.--Stage of physical and mental failure and of death. Syphilis causes most cases. It usually develops between twenty-five and fifty years. The outlook for such cases is very unfavorable, as the patient usually dies from one to eight or ten years after the beginning of the disease.

TREATMENT.--There have been great advances made in recent years in the treatment of persons mentally unsound. They should be placed under proper treatment at an early stage. The causes have been given so that preventive measures may be taken.