How Girls Can Help Their Country Part 1

How Girls Can Help Their Country.

by Juliette Low and Agnes Baden-Powell and Robert Baden-Powell.

Part I

HISTORY OF GIRL SCOUTS

Girl Scouts, like Boy Scouts, are found all over the world. When Sir Robert Baden-Powell formed the first troops of Boy Scouts, six thousand girls enrolled themselves, but, as Sir Robert's project did not include the admission of girls, he asked his sister, Miss Baden-Powell, to found a similar organization for girls, based on the Boy Scout laws, with activities and occupations properly adapted for girls. She then founded the Girl Guide organization.

In America, in March, 1912, the first patrols of Girl Guides were enrolled by Juliette Low, in Savannah, Georgia. In 1913, the National Headquarters were established by her in Was.h.i.+ngton, D. C., and Miss Edith Johnston became the National Secretary. The name Girl Guides was then changed to Girl Scouts because the object of the organization is to promote the ten Scout Laws: TRUTH, LOYALTY, HELPFULNESS, FRIENDLINESS, COURTESY, KINDNESS, OBEDIENCE, CHEERFULNESS, PURITY, and THRIFT.

The movement then grew and spread in a remarkable way. The success of the movement is due, in a great measure, to the work of the National Secretary, Miss Cora Neal, who built up the organization during the most difficult years of its existence. In 1916, Headquarters were removed from Was.h.i.+ngton to New York, and the machinery for unifying the national work of the organization is now placed on an efficient basis.

The training of Girl Scouts is set forth in the Handbook, written by Lieut.-General Sir Robert Baden-Powell and Miss Baden-Powell.

Juliette Low obtained the rights of their book and, with the help of committees and experts from all parts of America, adapted it to the use of the Girl Scouts of the United States. It is impossible to train Girl Scouts without the Handbook.

In 1915, a Convention of Girl Scout leaders from most of the large cities was held and a National Council was formed, composed of delegates from the cities or communities where more than one hundred Girl Scouts were enrolled.

This National Council met in Was.h.i.+ngton, D. C., on June 10, 1915, and put the management of the business of the National Organization in the hands of an Executive Committee, composed of:

A President.

A Secretary or Executive Officer.

A Treasurer.

A Vice-President.

Chief Commissioner.

Six or more members of the National Council.

The Duties of the Executive Committee are:

(1) To grant charters to the Local Councils of Girl Scouts.

(2) To manufacture and copyright the badges.

(3) To select uniforms and other equipment.

At every annual meeting of the National Council there is an election of the Executive Committee. This committee has the power to cancel a charter.

National Headquarters

The National Headquarters has a staff of officers to do the work of the organization, holding their positions at the pleasure of the Executive Board. The National Secretary is appointed by the President and holds office at the pleasure of the President.

Each city or locality has a Local Council of twelve or more members, according to the size of the community. These local Councils are under the direction of the National Council and obtain their charters from Headquarters. Where one hundred or more Girl Scouts have been enrolled, the Local Council has the right to send one representative to the National Council for the annual meeting.

The salute is three fingers raised, the little finger held down by the thumb.

[Ill.u.s.tration: _The Salute_]

Handshake with the left hand while the right hand is raised in half salute--that is three fingers raised and held on the line with the shoulder. This is the salute given between one Girl Scout and another, and the full salute is when the fingers are raised to the temple on a level with the brow. This is given to officers and to the United States flag. (In saluting, the hand is always held upright, never in a horizontal position.)

HOW TO BEGIN

It is not intended that Girl Scouts should necessarily form a new club separated from all others. Girls who belong to any kind of existing organization, such as school clubs or Y. W. C. A.'s may also undertake, in addition to their other work or play, the Girl Scouts' training and games, especially on Sat.u.r.days and Sundays.

It is not meant that girls should play or work on Sunday, but that they may take walks where they can carry on a study of plants and animals.

Groups or bands of girls not already belonging to any club may be organized directly as a Girl Scout Patrol or Troop.

How to Start a Patrol

Eight girls in any town, school, or settlement may join together to form a Patrol. They should have a Captain who must be at least twenty-one years old. The Captain selects a Lieutenant, or second in command, and the girls elect a Patrol leader. The girls should be from ten to seventeen years of age. It is best if all the girls in each Patrol are about the same age. A less number than eight girls can begin the movement, but eight girls are required to form a Patrol. A girl may not become a Lieutenant until she has reached the age of eighteen, or a Captain until she is twenty-one. In Europe, Girl Scout Patrols are sometimes formed by grown women who wish to carry out the Girl Scout program of preparedness. Members of such Patrols are called Senior Scouts. Senior Scouts make the three promises and accept the Scout law.

They are enrolled as Scouts but do not meet regularly in the same manner as girls' Troops. They are organized in cla.s.ses to learn first aid, signalling, marksmans.h.i.+p, or any other subject of the Girl Scout program of training. Senior Scouts may well practice what they learn in such cla.s.ses by teaching, for one or two months, Patrols of younger Girl Scouts. Thus they improve their command of what they have learned, and serve as an example to the younger Scouts, stimulating their interest in being prepared and especially in the subject taught.

The First Meeting

At the first meeting, the Scout Captain, who has previously studied the plan, principles, and object of the Girl Scout organization, explains the laws, promises, and obligations of the Girl Scouts to the members who are to form the troops. The names and addresses of the girls are recorded, the day set for the regular meeting, and the length of time for each meeting determined. Fifteen minutes may be spent on knot-tying, the Scout Captain first explaining the parts of the knot, and the requirements for knot-tying. Three-quarters of an hour to an hour should be spent on recreation out of doors.

Succeeding Meetings

The second, third, and fourth meetings should be spent in learning the requirements for the Tenderfoot tests. Each meeting should open with the formation of the troop in rank, by patrols, facing the Scout Captain.

The first salute should be given to the Scout Captain, followed by the pledge to the flag, and inspection of the troop by the captain. After inspection the troop should break ranks and hold a short business meeting. Elections may be held at the second or third meeting for the patrol leader, corporal, secretary, treasurer, and any other officers the members of the troop may desire. The Scout Captain should instruct the troop how to conduct a business meeting, and explain the nomination and election of officers. Weekly dues may be determined, and some decision had on the disposition of the funds. After the business meeting, the work or the tests should be studied, and the proper time spent on recreation. Every meeting should have a formal closing as well as a regular opening. For the closing, the troop should line up as for the opening routine, and give the good-bye salute. A definite time should be decided upon for the examination for Tenderfoot Scout, and the examination held at that time. Every Girl Scout who pa.s.ses her examination is then ready to be enrolled and to make the Girl Scout Promise.

Girl Scout's Promise

Each girl must promise on her honor to try to do three things:

~1. To do my duty to G.o.d and to my country.~

~2. To help other people at all times.~

~3. To obey the laws of the Scouts.~

She learns the salute and the secret sign of the Scouts.

The Girl Scout Motto Is

[Ill.u.s.tration]