Great Soul_ Mahatma Gandhi And His Struggle With India Part 21

65"There is a hiatus": Thomson, Gandhi and His Ashramas Gandhi and His Ashramas, p. 219.

66an ideal he brought home: Gandhi started advocating spinning before he'd ever touched a spinning wheel. The idea, he later said, came to him during his 1909 trip to London "as in a flash." He didn't even know the difference between a spinning wheel and a handloom. In Hind Swaraj Hind Swaraj, written on his 1909 voyage back to South Africa, he writes of "ancient and sacred handlooms" when, so it seems, he's thinking of the charkha. See an extended footnote on this point by Anthony J. Parel in his edition of Hind Swaraj Hind Swaraj, p. 230. Narayan Desai makes the same point in the first volume of My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, p. 459.

67"I am utterly helpless": CWMG CWMG, vol. 65, p. 231.

68"Unfortunately the higher castes": CWMG CWMG, 2nd ed., vol. 70, p. 461.

69"a strange medley": Slade, Spirit's Pilgrimage Spirit's Pilgrimage, p. 191.

70"Quite a few are only temporary": CWMG CWMG, vol. 67, p. 327.

71"show the results": Mark Lindley, J. C. k.u.marappa: Mahatma Gandhi's Economist J. C. k.u.marappa: Mahatma Gandhi's Economist (Mumbai, 2007), p. 144. (Mumbai, 2007), p. 144.

72"Whatever I do": CWMG CWMG, vol. 73, cited in Thomson, Gandhi and His Ashramas Gandhi and His Ashramas, p. 209.

73As late as 1945: Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 48.

74It's not difficult to feel: Thomson, Gandhi and His Ashramas Gandhi and His Ashramas, p. 227.

75"We cannot command": Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 5, p. 79.

76"Let no one say": Ibid., p. 245. Ibid., p. 245.

77"How I should love": CWMG CWMG, vol. 96, pp. 277, 284.

78"There is something frightening": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, pp. 1045.

79The moment of reunion: Harijan Harijan, May 29, 1937.

80Kallenbach wore a dhoti: Sarid and Bartolf, Hermann Kallenbach Hermann Kallenbach, p. 73.

81"There are few people": s.h.i.+moni, Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews, pp. 2829.

82firm position on the subject: See See CWMG CWMG, vol. 19, p. 472, where Gandhi, on March 23, 1921, disputes the British right to make a commitment on Palestine to the Jews.

83"The sender's name": s.h.i.+moni, Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews, p. 35.

84"I quite clearly see": CWMG CWMG, vol. 96, pp. 290, 292.

85"In my opinion the Jews": Sarid and Bartolf, Hermann Kallenbach Hermann Kallenbach, pp. 7576.

86Buber writes: s.h.i.+moni, Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews, pp. 4047.

87"Will you listen": Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 5, p. 160.

88The letter to Hitler began: Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 400.

89"I can't imagine anyone": Mansergh and Lumby, Transfer of Power Transfer of Power, vol. 5, p. 41.

90"If there ever could be": Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 400.

91However, when Britain finally: Ibid., p. 425.

92"I am in perpetual quarrel": CWMG CWMG, vol. 70, p. 162.

CHAPTER 11: Ma.s.s MAYHEM.

1"Congressmen, barring individual": CWMG CWMG, vol. 70, pp. 11314.

2As early as 1939: Ibid., p. 114.

3To a bluff British general: Wavell, Viceroy's Journal Viceroy's Journal, p. 236.

4"My life is entirely": Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 6, p. 156.

5It's the first time: CWMG CWMG, vol. 70, p. 113.

6Ten months later: Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 436.

7Through all his ins and outs: Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 6, p. 125.

8On August 8, 1942: Mansergh and Lumby, Transfer of Power Transfer of Power, vol. 2, p. 622.

9"the biggest struggle": Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 6, p. 153.

10"Mob violence remains": Mansergh and Lumby, Transfer of Power Transfer of Power, vol. 2, p. 853.

11Indian nonviolence had always been: Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 6, p. 129.

12In 1942, days before: Jaswant Singh, Jinnah Jinnah, p. 308.

13"Give your blessings": Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 6, p. 271.

14"I thought you had come": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 88.

15Not only had the Congress: Jaswant Singh, Jinnah Jinnah, p. 540.

16Putting it in writing: Ibid., p. 541.

17"I am amazed": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 88.

18His aim, Gandhi remarked: Ibid., p. 91.

19"I have failed": Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 6, p. 276.

20"Though I represent n.o.body": Ibid., p. 279.

21This is so, at least: See, for instance, Jalal, Sole Spokesman Sole Spokesman.

22"I could not make any": Fischer, Life of Mahatma Gandhi Life of Mahatma Gandhi, p. 437.

23"Is there any reason": Narayan Desai, My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, vol. 4, Svarpan Svarpan, pp. 22526.

24"In that hour of decision": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 239.

25"India is not with me": Fischer, Life of Mahatma Gandhi Life of Mahatma Gandhi, p. 424.

26"I'm not going to discuss": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 252.

27"Sword will be answered": Ibid., p. 464.

28The district, known even then: Gandhi's first involvement in the affairs of Noakhali district came in 1940 when he was approached by Hindus there who represented themselves as being threatened by Muslim violence. He urged them to defend themselves by nonviolent means but then added what was for him an unusual but not unprecedented piece of advice: "If the capacity for nonviolent self-defense is lacking, then there need be no hesitation in using violent means." Tendulkar, Mahatma Mahatma, vol. 5, p. 249.

29Hindus had been beheaded: Scores of Hindu women were said to have been forced into marriage with Muslim men, but when Phillips Talbot caught up with Gandhi there, so he reported, just two cases of abduction and marriage had been proved. Talbot, American Witness to India's Part.i.tion American Witness to India's Part.i.tion, p. 203.

30"Shaheed sahib, everyone": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 358.

31The impression he retains: Interview with Barun Das Gupta, Kolkata, Oct. 2009.

32Before it burned out: The Muslim League claimed that fifty thousand Muslims had been slaughtered in Bihar. The official figure put the toll at under five thousand. The American Friends Service Committee estimated ten thousand, a tally Gandhi accepted on at least one occasion.

33Suhrawardy didn't press: Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, pp. 387, 397.

34"If Noakhali is lost": Ibid., p. 405.

35The answers, though Gandhi: Ibid., p. 356.

36At his first large prayer: Ibid., pp. 370, 373.

37Within a week, he found: Ibid., p. 378.

38"If India is destined": Ibid., pp. 379, 383.

39"If the Hindus could live": Ibid., p. 381.

40In an a.n.a.logous quest: Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi, p. 47.

41"I find myself in the midst": Ibid., pp. 4647.

42But four days after: Ibid., p. 63.

43"Hardly a wheel turns": Talbot, American Witness to India's Part.i.tion American Witness to India's Part.i.tion, p. 202.

44If the size of the Hindu population: The figure generally given for the number of Hindus remaining in Bangladesh as a whole is on the order of 12 million, which would be about 10 percent of the country's total population. In Pakistan, a country with a population nearly half again larger-about 170 million-only about 3 million Hindus remain. India's Muslim population of 140 million-out of a total of 1.2 billion-is exceeded by those of only Indonesia and Pakistan.

45"That's due to lack": Interview with Abdue Wahab, Joyag, Bangladesh, Oct. 2009. The chairman of the local Jamaat was not necessarily expressing a heretical view in speaking well of Gandhi. Faisal Devji notes that the movement's founder, Abul Ala Mawdudi, "sang the Mahatma's praises." Devji, Terrorist in Search of Humanity Terrorist in Search of Humanity, p. 133.

46According to Narayan Desai: Narayan Desai, My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, vol. 4, Svarpan Svarpan, p. 271; CWMG CWMG, vol. 86, p. 162.

47"My unfitness for the task": Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 431.

48"I can see there is some": Ibid., p. 470.

49The telegram to her father: CWMG CWMG, vol. 86, p. 215.

50"Manu's place can be nowhere": Narayan Desai, My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, vol. 4, Svarpan Svarpan, p. 303.

51It soon became obvious: Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi, pp. 7375.

52A perfect brahmachari: Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 591.

53None of this would go on: Gandhi's yajna with Manubehn has been discussed in varying degrees of detail in Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi; Narayan Desai, My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, vol. 4, Svarpan; Svarpan; Pyarelal, Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 2; Mehta, Mahatma Gandhi and His Apostles Mahatma Gandhi and His Apostles. It can also be followed in the correspondence in Gandhi's Collected Works Collected Works, especially vol. 86.

54"I don't want to return": CWMG CWMG, vol. 86, p. 224.

55"Of course she knows her art": Ibid., vol. 96, p. 295.

56"a deeply anguished": Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi, pp. 95, 101.

57"Stick to your word": Narayan Desai, My Life Is My Message My Life Is My Message, vol. 4, Svarpan Svarpan, p. 304.

58"I like your frankness": Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi, p. 118.

59Pyarelal was also drawn: CWMG CWMG, vol. 85, p. 221.

60"I can see that you will not": Ibid., vol. 94, p. 337.

61"After a life of prolonged": Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi, p. 135.

62He'd read Havelock Ellis: Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase, vol. 1, p. 588.

63"What is Freudian philosophy?": Nirmal k.u.mar Bose, My Days with Gandhi My Days with Gandhi, p. 158.

64Bose's basic point: Ibid., pp. 15051.

65"I do hope you will acquit me": Ibid., p. 153.

66"I saw your strength come back": Ibid., p. 161.

67Given that the Congress: Rajmohan Gandhi, Gandhi Gandhi, p. 551.