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=61. Gatch.e.l.l case.=
=1857, Jan.= Rendition of Philip Young: _Chambers, Slavery and Color; Fugitive Slave Law, Appendix, 197._
=62. Oberlin-Wellington case. [-- 59]=
=1858.= Rescue at Wellington: _Liberator, Jan. 28, April 29, May 6, June 3, June 10, 1859; Shepherd, Oberlin-Wellington Rescue; Lunsford Lane, 179; Anglo-African Magazine (Oberlin-Wellington Rescue), 209; May, Fugitive Slave Law and its Victims, 108._
=63. John Brown's Raid. [-- 62.]=
=1858.= Raid in Missouri: _Sanborn, Life and Letters of John Brown, 420; Von Holst, John Brown, 104._
=64. Nalle case.=
=1859, April 28.= Rescue of Charles Nalle by a mob: _Bradford, Harriet, the Moses of her People, Appendix, 143; Liberator, May 4, 1860._
=65. Anderson case. [-- 23.]=
=1860.= Extradition case between U. S. and Canada: _Liberator, Dec. 3, 1860; Pamphlets on Anderson Case, Boston Public Library; Life of Gerrit Smith, 15; Liberator, Jan. 22, 1861._
=66. Wisdom case. [-- 91.]=
=1861.= Rendition by army officers: _Liberator, July 19, 1861._
=67. Major Sherwood's servant. [-- 91.]=
=1861.= Rendition ordered in army: _Liberator, July 19, 1861._
=68. Norfolk case.=
=1863.= Kidnapping by N. Y. Volunteers: _Liberator, March 27, 1863._
=69. Archer Alexander.=
=1863.= Fugitive during the war: _Archer Alexander._
APPENDIX E.
_BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FUGITIVE SLAVE CASES AND FUGITIVE SLAVE LEGISLATION._
1. Sources of information.
2. Libraries.
3. Secondary works.
4. Biographies.
5. Original sources.
6. Slave autobiographies.
7. Records of trials.
8. Speeches.
9. Reminiscences.
10. Reports of societies.
11. Periodicals and newspapers.
12. Materials bearing on legislation.
13. Alphabetical list of works.
=1. Sources of information.=
There are many sources from which material for a study of fugitive slaves may be gathered. Almost any work upon the slavery question touches sooner or later upon this topic, and the difficulties arise rather from the amount of the literature which must be examined than from lack of information. No formal bibliography of the subject, or of any phase of it, has been found; it has therefore been necessary to go through a large body of material, and to sift out references which bear upon the subject.
=2. Libraries.=
The labor has been much facilitated by the completeness and convenient arrangement of the literature bearing upon slavery in the libraries of Cambridge and Boston. The Harvard College Library possesses two unique collections of slavery pamphlets, one the bequest of Charles Sumner, the other the gift of Colonel T. W. Higginson; and the Card Catalogue of the Library is a comprehensive guide to a large alcove of other books. The great collections of the Boston Public Library have also been made accessible by the full Card Catalogue of that Library. The Boston Athenaeum has also furnished valuable material; and in the Ma.s.sachusetts State Library is an excellent set of State Statutes, which has been freely used. I have not been able to consult the antislavery collection of the Cornell Library at Ithaca.
=3. Secondary works.=
The material upon fugitive slaves, as upon any topic, may be divided into two cla.s.ses, secondary and original. The general and local histories which come under the first cla.s.s have been of good service as guides to further investigation. _The Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America_, by _Henry Wilson_, takes up the whole question of slavery in a thorough manner, and devotes special attention to the debates in Congress. Though long and ill-arranged, it is comprehensive and trustworthy.
Unfortunately, the work is not provided with foot-notes. _Williams's History of the Negro Race_, and _Greeley's American Conflict_, are other surveys of the whole subject. For a discussion of political forces and const.i.tutional questions, _Von Holst_ is the best authority, while _Hurd_, besides enumerating the statutes from colonial times down, considers the subject with great clearness from a judicial point of view, describes many cases, and in foot-notes gives references to others.
Studies of colonial slavery are found in _Lodge's English Colonies in America_ and _Doyle's English in America_. Several special essays have been printed on slavery in Ma.s.sachusetts; _Deane's_ and _Moore's Notes on Slavery_, and _Washburn's Extinction of Slavery in Ma.s.sachusetts_. Little attention is in any of these works given to fugitive slaves.
To another cla.s.s belong books descriptive of the inst.i.tution of slavery.
_Mrs. Frances Kemble_ wrote about life on a Southern plantation before the war, and the _Cotton Kingdom_ and other volumes by _Frederick Law Olmsted_ give many interesting details, and furnished me with much material for the chapter on Fugitives and their Friends.
=4. Biographies.=
Biographies of antislavery men are likely to contain information on fugitive slave cases. The _Life of Isaac T. Hopper_ is full of accounts of his ways of aiding flight, and for the same reason the _Life of Gerrit Smith_ is exceedingly interesting. Birney's _Life of James G. Birney_ deals little with fugitives. The biographies of Mrs. Lydia Maria Child, Arthur and Lewis Tappan, John Brown, Garrison, Phillips, and the Grimke sisters, may also be mentioned. Others, like those of Jonathan Walker, L.
W. Paine, Daniel Drayton, captain of the schooner Pearl, W. L. Chaplin, Work, Burr, and Thompson, and the recently published _Life of Rev. Calvin Colman_, relate simply the stories of trials and imprisonments for aiding fugitives, and are often more in the nature of original than secondary sources.
=5. Original sources.=
Very early in the preparation of this work it became evident that no writer had systematically examined and compared the legislation of the Colonies and States, or searched the records of Congress, or looked for contemporary accounts of any considerable number of escapes. I was therefore obliged to search for such original material as was within my reach. Doubtless some important books and pamphlets have escaped me, and an examination of other collections would enlarge the bibliography; but the effort has been made to exhaust the literature of the subject, except in newspapers.
