The Makers of Canada: Index and Dictionary of Canadian History Part 75

Men_; Dent, _Can. Por._; Tetu, _Le Cardinal Taschereau_; Hamel, _Taschereau_.

=Taschereau, Sir Henri Elzear= (1836- ). Born at Ste. Marie de la Beauce, Quebec. Educated at Quebec Seminary; called to the bar, 1857, and practised in Quebec. From 1861 to 1867 represented Beauce in the Canadian a.s.sembly. In 1867 appointed a Q. C.; and in 1868 clerk of the peace for the district of Quebec. In 1871 judge of the Quebec Superior Court; in 1878 judge of the Supreme Court of Canada; and in 1902 chief-justice; retired, 1906. In 1904 a member of the Imperial Privy Council. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; Dent, _Can. Por._

=Ta.s.se, Joseph= (1848-1895). Born in Montreal. Educated at Bourget College. Chose journalism as his profession; in 1867 became editor of _Le Canada_; from 1869 to 1872 a.s.sociate editor of _La Minerve_; and a director of _La Revue Canadienne_. About the same period appointed a.s.sistant French translator of the House of Commons. In 1878 elected to the House of Commons for Ottawa, and re-elected 1882; member of the Senate from the province of Quebec, 1891-1895. =Index=: =MS= On Seven Oaks affair, 184. =Bib.=: _Canadiens de L'Ouest_.

=Taylor, Brigadier-General.= =Hd= In command at Pensacola, 65; his dispute with Governor Johnstone, 69; at St. Augustine, 75.

=Taylor, Sir Henry= (1800-1886). Born in England. In 1824 appointed to the permanent staff of the colonial office, with which he was connected until 1872. In 1835 declined the offer of the governors.h.i.+p of Upper Canada. =Index=: =W= His characterization of Lord Glenelg, 42. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Taylor, John Fennings= (1817-1882). Born in London, England. Educated at Radley, England, and came to Canada, 1836. Held various clerical offices under the a.s.sembly and Council of Canada, and after Confederation was appointed deputy clerk of the Senate. Died in Old Point Comfort, Va. =Index=: =E= On John Sandfield Macdonald's reproof to Lord Elgin, 129-130. =Bib.=: Works: _Portraits of British Americans_; _The Last Three Bishops Appointed by the Crown for British North America_; _Life and Death of the Hon. Thomas D'Arcy McGee_; _Are Legislatures Parliaments?--A Study and Review_.

=Tec.u.mseh= (1768-1813). Born near the site of Springfield, Ohio. First appeared as a brave in a battle with Kentucky soldiers about 1788. In the campaign of 1794-1795 between American troops and Indians, came into prominence as a daring warrior. In 1805 he and his brother Ellskwatawa, the Prophet, formed the project of uniting all the western tribes of Indians in a war against the Americans. With this object visited the different tribes and induced many to join his ranks. In the campaigns of 1812-1813 joined the British against the Americans, and wounded at the battle of Maguaga. In 1812 given the rank of brigadier-general. In 1813 killed at the battle of Moravian town, on the Thames, while leading his Indian troops on the British side. =Index=: =Bk= Shawnee warrior, desirous of uniting all the Indian tribes for their common defence, 150; proposes alliance with United States, 150; his overtures being rejected, decides on war, 151, 176; repulses Americans at Canard River, 237; disperses force of the enemy on their own territory, 237; in fight at Maguaga, 241; his opinion of Brock, 246; appearance, dress, and character, 246, 247; leads Indians in attack on Detroit, 254; his commendation of Brock, 257. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Dent, _Can.

Por._; Drake, _Life of Tec.u.mseh_; Eggleston, _Tec.u.mseh and the Shawnee Prophet_; Tupper, _Life and Correspondence of Brock_; Tupper, _Family Records_; Lucas, _Canadian War of 1812_.

=Teganissorens (Decanisora).= =F= Onondaga orator, 338.

=Telegraph Companies.= =BL= Incorporated in 1847, 277-278.

=Temple, Richard Temple Grenville, Earl= (1711-1779). Represented Buckingham and Buckinghams.h.i.+re in Parliament, 1734-1752; first lord of the Admiralty, 1756-1757; lord privy seal, 1757-1761. =Index=: =WM= Witnesses singular behaviour of Wolfe at house of Pitt, 65, 66. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Temple, Sir Thomas= (1614-1674). Born in England. Given a grant of land in Nova Scotia, in 1656; induced Cromwell to confirm it, and in 1657 appointed governor of Acadia. Sailed for America, and occupied the forts of St. John and Pentagoet. On the restoration of Charles II, his claims were again in jeopardy, but were eventually confirmed. In 1662 created by Charles II a baronet of Nova Scotia, and again appointed governor. In 1667 Nova Scotia was ceded to France, and in 1670 forced to resign his claims to the territory. Afterwards settled in Boston, finally returning to England. =Index=: =F= English governor of Acadia, 1656, 268. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._; Murdoch, _History of Nova Scotia_.

=Tessouat.= =Ch= Algonquian chief, 10, 75, 77.

=Tetes de Boule.= =Hd= Indian tribe trading at Three Rivers, 54.

=Tetu.= =Hd= On Haldimand. 291.

=Theatre.= =F= At Quebec, 336. =Hd= Allan Maclean's effort for, 306-307; attempt to produce Moliere's _Les Fourberies de Scapin_, 307.

=Themines, Pons de Lauziere, Marquis de= (1552-1627). Marshal of France.

=Index=: =Ch= Temporary viceroy of New France, 123.

=Thierry-Desdames.= =Ch= Company's clerk at Quebec, 121, 138; sent to St. Barnabe Island, 173.

=Thom, Adam.= Born in Scotland. Educated at King's College, Aberdeen.

Came to Canada, and practised law in Montreal. Appointed recorder of Rupert's Land, 1838, and arrived in the Red River Settlement the following year. Also legal adviser to the governor of a.s.siniboia. His arbitrary conduct made him extremely unpopular, especially among the French half-breeds, and he was compelled to retire from the bench in 1849. The following year reinstated, to try a complicated case of defamatory conspiracy, but the verdict proved so unsatisfactory that Governor Caldwell procured his permanent removal, and had him appointed clerk of the court. Resigned this office in 1854, and returned to Scotland. =Index=: =MS= Governor Simpson makes him recorder of Red River, 1839, 245; opposes Papineau in Lower Canada, 245; his newspaper letters signed "Camillus," 245; on Durham's staff, 245; returns with him to England, 245; his influence in Red River affairs, 246; the "stormy petrel," of the Settlement, 247; returns to England, 1854, 247; his connection with Simpson's narrative of his journey round the world, 249.

=Bib.=: Bryce, _Manitoba_ and _Hudson's Bay Company_; Ross, _Red River Settlement_; Begg, _History of the North-West_. _See also_ Red River Colony.

=Thomas, John= (1725-1776). Born in Marshfield, Ma.s.s. Surgeon in a regiment sent to Annapolis Royal, 1746; and in 1747 surgeon, and afterwards lieutenant, in s.h.i.+rley's Regiment. In 1759 promoted colonel of Provincials, and in 1760 commanded a regiment at the capture of Montreal. On the outbreak of the Revolution joined the colonials; raised a regiment of volunteers; and in 1775 became brigadier-general. In 1776 commanded a brigade at the siege of Boston, capturing Dorchester Heights, and promoted major-general. Succeeded to the command of the American army in Canada on the death of General James Montgomery, arriving before Quebec on May 1, 1776. Died near Chambly, on the retreat from Quebec. =Index=: =Dr= Replaces Wooster, recalled, 136; stampede of his forces when attacked by Carleton, 138. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._ _See also_ Siege of Quebec, 1775-1776.

=Thompson.= =T= Elected in York, New Brunswick, 108.

=Thompson, David= (1770-1857). Born in the parish of St. John's, Westminster, England. Educated at the Gray Coat School; and entered the service of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1784. The first of his voluminous journals opens at Fort Churchill in that year. The last is dated 1850.

The journals fill forty-five volumes of ma.n.u.script, and cover a period of sixty-six years. Remained in the service of the Hudson's Bay Company until 1797, and in that period carried on explorations and surveys of the Nelson, Churchill, and Saskatchewan Rivers, and the intervening territory. In 1797 joined the North West Company, and in the years that followed, explored the upper waters of the a.s.siniboine; made a journey overland to the Mandan villages on the Missouri; and another to the head waters of the Mississippi; and surveyed portions of the upper waters of the Saskatchewan, Athabaska, and Peace Rivers. From 1807 to 1811, explored the entire system of the Columbia and Kootenay Rivers, from source to mouth. Left the North-West in 1812, and from 1816 to 1826 engaged in surveying and defining the international boundary. Afterwards carried out several minor surveys, in what is now eastern Canada. Died at Longueuil, near Montreal. =Index=: =MS= Referred to in Mackenzie's letters, 58; his explorations, 103; leaves Hudson's Bay Company, and joins North West Company, 103; visits the Mandan Indians, 104; further explorations, 105; sent to explore the Columbia, 106; crosses the Rocky Mountains, 1806, and builds post on Columbia, 106; descends the Columbia to its mouth, 106-107; builds other posts west of the mountains, 107; leaves service of the North West Company, 107; prepares his great map, 107; Thompson River named after, 109. =D= Completes his western work, 1811, 58; returns to eastern Canada, 58; ends his days in poverty, 59; astronomer of North West Company, 57; previously in service of Hudson's Bay Company, 57-58; extent of his travels, 58; visits Mandan country, 58; enters Bow River Pa.s.s, 1805, 58; discovers Howse Pa.s.s, 58; builds Fort Kootenay, 58; first to explore Kootenay district, 58; discoverer of Athabaska Pa.s.s, 58; proclaims British sovereignty, at junction of Spokane and Columbia, 58. =Bib.=: Tyrrell, _Journeys of David Thompson_; _Henry-Thompson Journals_, ed. by Coues; Laut, _Conquest of the Great North-West_; Burpee, _Search for the Western Sea_; Bryce, _Hudson's Bay Company_.

=Thompson, David= (1796-1868). Born in Scotland. Served in the British army and in the Canadian militia. Taught school in Niagara and acted as a surveyor. In 1832 published _History of the late War between Great Britain and the United States of America_.

=Thompson, Edward.= =Mc= Defeats Mackenzie, 308.

=Thompson, James.= =Dr= Engineer, his work on the fortifications of Quebec, 117.

=Thompson, Sir John Sparrow David= (1844-1894). Born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Educated at Free Church Academy, Halifax. In 1859 a reporter in the House of a.s.sembly. In 1865 called to the bar and practised in Halifax. In 1877 member for Antigonish, in the a.s.sembly; and in 1878 attorney-general in the Holmes-Thompson government. On the retirement of Holmes in 1882, became premier, but being defeated in the House, resigned two months later. In 1882 appointed a judge of the Supreme Court. In 1885 minister of justice and attorney-general of Canada, in Sir John A. Macdonald's government, being elected for Antigonish to the House of Commons. Appointed legal adviser to the British plenipotentiaries who arranged the Fishery Treaty with the United States in 1888, and knighted for his services. In 1892 premier, on the retirement of Sir John Abbott. In 1893 went to Paris as one of the arbitrators upon the Bering Sea fisheries dispute. In 1894, while on a visit to England, and soon after being sworn in as a member of the Imperial Privy Council, died suddenly at Windsor Castle. =Index=: =Md= Minister of justice, 254; his address when unveiling statue of John A.

Macdonald at Hamilton, 332. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Dict. Nat.

Biog._; Hopkins, _Life of Sir John Thompson_.

=Thompson, Samuel.= =B= His pen picture of George Brown, 4-5.

=Thompson, S. R.= =T= Anti-Confederate candidate in St. John County, New Brunswick, 108, 109.

=Thompson, William= (1725-1781). Born in Ireland. Emigrated to Pennsylvania, and commanded a troop of mounted militia in the French and Indian campaigns. In 1776 appointed a brigadier-general by Congress, and sent to Canada with reinforcements for General John Thomas. On June 6, ordered by General Sullivan, who had succeeded Thomas, to attack the enemy at Three Rivers, but badly defeated and taken prisoner; exchanged two years later. =Index=: =Dr= Sent to attack Fraser at Three Rivers, 145; repulsed with loss, 146. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._

=Thomson, Andrew.= =Sy= Elder brother and business partner of Sydenham, 9; annoyed at losses and expenses incurred by his brother, 14.

=Thomson, Edward William= (1849- ). Canadian author and journalist.

=Index=: =B= His sketch of Gordon Brown, 245. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can.

Men_; _Canadian Who's Who_.

=Thomson, John.= =Sy= Merchant, father of Sydenham, 4; adds "Poulett" to his name, 4.

=Thomson, Poulett.= _See_ Sydenham.

=Thornton, Sir Edward.= Born in London, England, 1817; son of Sir Edward Thornton, minister to Portugal. Graduated at Cambridge in 1840. Entered the diplomatic service, and in 1842 stationed at Turin. In 1845 attache in Mexico, and in 1851 secretary of legation. Appointed minister to the Argentine Confederation in 1859; and in 1865 minister to Brazil; in 1867 minister to Was.h.i.+ngton; in 1871 a member of the Joint High Commission on the _Alabama_ claims; and in 1873 one of the arbitrators of the American and Mexican Claims Commission. In 1878 served on the Ontario Boundary Commission. In 1881 appointed amba.s.sador to St. Petersburg; and to Turkey in 1884; retired from the diplomatic service, 1887; made a G. C.

B., 1883. =Index=: =B= British minister at Was.h.i.+ngton, joint plenipotentiary with George Brown for negotiation of a reciprocity treaty, 1874, 226. =Md= Serves on Ontario Boundary Commission, 255.

=Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._

=Thorpe, Robert.= A member of the Irish bar. Judge of the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island, 1802; judge of the Court of King's Bench of Upper Canada, 1805. Took part in the political quarrels of the time; elected a member of the Upper Canadian a.s.sembly, 1807; dismissed from his judges.h.i.+p by order of the secretary of state, on the representations of the governor, Sir Francis Gore; sued Sir Francis Gore in England for libel and recovered damages. Appointed chief-justice of Sierra Leone; returned to England after two years on account of ill-health; brought with him for delivery a pet.i.tion to the home government from the people of Sierra Leone, and on this account dismissed from office. Died in England. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Read, _Lives of the Judges_.

=Three Rivers.= City of Quebec, at the mouth of St. Maurice River. First colonists settled there in 1633; the Jesuits arrived the following year; and the same year a fort was built by Laviolette, who is regarded as the founder of the town. Throughout the seventeenth century, it was the scene of almost constant conflict with the Iroquois. In 1670 the Jesuits were replaced by the Recollets; and in 1697 the Ursulines established a convent. =Index=: =L= Recollet mission at, 111. =WM= French provision s.h.i.+ps retire to, 87. =Dr= Governors.h.i.+p of, abolished, 21; used as military depot by Americans in invasion of Canada, 141; Carleton's troops rendezvous at, 144. =F= Fort erected at, 24; population in 1666, 268. =Ch= Centre of fur trade for some years, 120; conference with Indian tribes at, 162; Jesuit mission founded at, 228. =Hd= Haldimand military governor of, 1; Ralph Burton governor of, 41-42; Haldimand appointed to district on Burton's departure, 42-51, 64, 65, 290, 293; early history of the settlement, 42; fires in, 44; difficulty in obtaining recruits at, 56; government divided between Quebec and Montreal, 60; Haldimand relieved of command at, in 1765, 61-62; Indians protected at, 147; Haldimand befriends Ursuline nuns at, 179; census taken, 190, 231; question of inoculation for smallpox at, 229; schools of, 233, 235; banns of marriage published at, 237; Loyalists sheltered near, 254; Du Calvet arrested at, 280. =Bib.=: Sulte, _Histoire des Trois-Rivieres, 1534-1537_ and _Alb.u.m d'Histoire des Trois-Rivieres, 1634-1721_.

=Three Rivers.= =Ch= Name given by Champlain to river St. Maurice, 52.

=Thurlow, Edward, Baron= (1731-1806). Born in Norfolk, England. Entered Parliament for Tamworth, 1768. In 1770 appointed solicitor-general, and in 1771 attorney-general. In 1774 supported on const.i.tutional grounds the ministerial scheme for the government of Quebec province. In 1778 lord chancellor and raised to the peerage. Presided at the trial of Warren Hastings, 1788. Supported Pitt's foreign policy throughout, but on other questions was not a loyal adherent of the prime minister. In 1792 Pitt and Grenville, with whom he then bitterly disagreed, induced the king to part with the chancellor, who then resigned the great seal.

Throughout his career an ardent supporter of the king, and added all his influence in favour of the policy which led to the revolt of the American colonies. =Index=: =Dr= Attorney-general, on French-Canadian claims in matters of law, 62, 66. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Thury, Abbe.= =F= Missionary to Abenaquis, 250.

=Ticonderoga.= Known to the French as Carillon. Built by Lotbiniere in 1755-1756, on a promontory at the southern end of Lake Champlain, where it formed the advanced post of the French, and guarded the frontier from British attack. Abercromby brought an army against it in 1758, and was badly beaten by Montcalm. The following year Amherst captured the fort, Bourlamaque retreating down the lake with his force. In 1775 it was taken by the Americans, under Ethan Allen; and recaptured in 1777 by Burgoyne, remaining in the possession of the British until the close of the war. When the boundary was settled, it became the property of the United States. =Index=: =Ch= Scene of fight with Iroquois, 54. =Hd= Disastrous attack on, 18-21. _See_ Carillon; Abercromby; Allen; Amherst.

=Bib.=: Parkman, _Montcalm and Wolfe_; Smith, _Our Struggle for the Fourteenth Colony_.

=Tilley, James.= =T= Grandfather of Sir Leonard Tilley, grantee of Parrtown, 3; died in Sunbury County in 1851, 3.

=Tilley, John.= =T= Came over in the _Mayflower_ in 1620, 2.

=Tilley, Sir Leonard= (1818-1896). =W= Grandson of William Peters, 3; succeeds Wilmot as lieutenant-governor, 133. =T= Elected to New Brunswick a.s.sembly, 1850, 1; born in Gagetown, New Brunswick, May 8, 1818, his descent, 1-2; his father, 3-4; early home, 4-5; education, 5; begins commercial life, 7; espouses cause of total abstinence, 8; his business career, 8-9; enters political life, 10; returned for St. John city, 10; his colleagues, 11-15; supports Ritchie's amendment, 18; resigns his seat, 24; out of Parliament, 25; his tariff views, 29-30; becomes provincial secretary, 32; introduces prohibitory liquor bill, 34; defeated in St. John, 41; elected in St. John, 43; provincial secretary, 43; his nomination speech, 52; delegate to England in railway matter, 54-55; attends Quebec Intercolonial Railway Conference, 56; again in England on same matter, 57; supports Confederation, 59; proposes uniform tariff for Maritime Provinces, 70-71; attends Charlottetown Conference, 73; and Quebec Conference, 77, 79; candidate in St. John, 84; resigns, 90; his influence, 104; again provincial secretary, 105; elected for St. John, 109; the Confederation movement, 112; his personal magnetism, 113; his work for Confederation, 114; his defence of the union, 116-118; delegate to England, 120; presented to the queen, 124; in first Dominion ministry, 128-129; becomes minister of finance, 130; represents St. John in Dominion Parliament, 131; receives honour of C. B., 132; his parliamentary career, 133-134; appointed lieutenant-governor, 134; his governors.h.i.+p, 135-136; returns to political life as minister of finance, 137; again lieutenant-governor, 138-139; his popularity, 140; his religious life, 140-141; given a K. C.

M. G., 141; visits the queen at Osborne, 142; his marriage, 1843, 142; his second wife, 142; his family, 142-143; last illness and death, 1896, 144-145; funeral service, 146; his character, 147-148. =H= His government defeated in New Brunswick on Confederation issue, 179; returned to office, 187; welcomes Tupper on his return from England, 207; urges Sir John Macdonald to visit Nova Scotia and confer with leaders of Anti-Confederate party, 209. =B= Tours Canada with other delegates after Quebec Conference, 166; defeated in New Brunswick on Confederation issue, 182-183; in Peter Mitch.e.l.l's Pro-Confederation ministry, 188; relations with Macdonald, 202-203. =Md= Delegate to Quebec Conference, 110; letters to, from Macdonald, on Confederation, 117-118, 125-126; minister of customs, 134; supports Intercolonial route running directly across New Brunswick, 153; supports Macdonald and the national policy, 220; introduces a bill to give effect to the national policy, 228-229; his co-operation with Macdonald, 270-271. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._ and _Last Forty Years_; Taylor, _Brit. Am._; Hannay, _Life and Times of Sir Leonard Tilley_ and _History of New Brunswick_.

=Tilley, Samuel.= =T= Sir Leonard Tilley's great-grandfather, 1; a Loyalist farmer on Long Island, 2; arrives at Parrtown (St. John), 1783, 3; dies there, 1815, 3; his wife dies, 1835, 3.