Drug Supplies in the American Revolution Part 5

Emp[lastrum] Diach[ylon] (Simple diachylon plaster) 6 lb. 2 lb.

Emp[lastrum] Diach[ylon] c[um] G[ummi]

(Diachylon plaster with gum) 1 lb.

*Emp[lastrum] Epispast[ic.u.m] [also] Epithema Vesicatorium (Blistering plaster; vesicatory plaster). 1 lb.

Emp[lastrum] Stomach[ic.u.m] Majest. (Stomach plaster) 1 lb.

SURGICAL DRESSINGS, ETC.

*_Linteum Praeparatum_ (Lint) 1 lb. fine Tow 12 lb. fine Sponge 4 oz. fine Twine 1 lb. fine 1/2 lb.

Tape 1 piece 2 pieces Fracture pillows 2 Splints 2 p. Sharps 34 doz.

Thread 4 oz.

Needles 7 common Pins 1/2 thousand Compresses 6 doz.

Bandages 700 Flannel 6 yds.

Shears 2 pr.

Rags 1 bundle

SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

Director 1 1 steel Probe, silver 1 1 Forceps 1 Catheters 1 silver Amputating instruments 1 set Trepanning instruments 1 Trepan 1 set Lancets 2 best crown, 4 common Tourniquets 1 Bra.s.s 8 common with ligatures Syringe, pewter 4 2 Syringe, ivory 2 Glyster pipe arm'd 6 Tooth-drawing instrument 1 Crow Bill

PHARMACEUTICAL EQUIPMENT

Scales and weights 1 box 1 set Mortar and pestle 1 Bra.s.s, 1 Gla.s.s Tyles (pill tiles) 2 Spatulas 1 wooden 1 large, handle, 1 1 pocket iron handle Bolus knife 1 Plaister knife (plaster spatula) 1 Leather skins 2 lb.

MISCELLANEOUS SUPPLIES

Bottles a.s.sortment a.s.sortment Gallypots 1 doz. a.s.sortment Vials 6 doz. sorted Corks 10 doz.

Pillboxes 1 pacg.

Wrapp[ing] paper 4 quire Writing paper 1 quire 6 quire Ink powder 2 papers Quiles (quills) 14 hundred

U.S. Government Printing Office: 1961

For sale by the Superintendent of Doc.u.ments, U.S. Government Printing Office

Was.h.i.+ngton 25, D.C.--Price 25 cents

FOOTNOTES:

[1] John C. Miller, _Triumph of Freedom, 1775-1783_, Boston, 1948, preface.

[2] Louis C. Duncan, _Medical Men in the American Revolution, 1775-1783_, Carlisle Barracks, Pa., 1931; William O. Owen, _The Medical Department of the United States Army during the Period of the Revolution_, New York, 1920; James E. Gibson, _Dr. Bodo Otto and the Medical Background of the American Revolution_, Springfield, Ill., 1937; James Thomas Flexner, _Doctors on Horseback_, New York, 1939.

[3] Lyman F. Kebler, "Andrew Craigie, the First Apothecary General of the United States," _Journal of the American Pharmaceutical a.s.sociation_, 1928, vol. 17, pp. 63-74, 167-178; Frederick Haven Pratt, "The Craigies," _Proceedings of the Cambridge Historical Society_ (1941), 1942, vol. 27, pp. 43-86; Edward Kremers and George Urdang, _A History of Pharmacy_, Philadelphia, 1951 edition, chap. 11; Edward Kremers, "The Lit.i.tz Pharmacopoeia," _The Badger Pharmacist_, nos. 22-25, June-December 1938; J. W. England, ed., _The First Century of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy_, Philadelphia, 1922, pp.

84-94; _American Journal of Pharmacy_, 1884, vol. 56, pp. 483-491.

[4] Jonathan Potts Papers, four volumes of miscellaneous ma.n.u.scripts at The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (hereinafter referred to as Potts Papers).

[5] Journals of the Provincial Congress of Ma.s.sachusetts Bay, quoted in Owen, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), pp. 22-23.

[6] Greenleaf Ledger, 1765-1778, at the American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Ma.s.s. (The Greenleaf pharmacy was established by Elizabeth Greenleaf in 1726 or 1727. See J. L. Sibley, _Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, in Cambridge, Ma.s.sachusetts_, Cambridge, 1920, vol. 5, pp. 472-476; Jonathan Greenleaf, _A Genealogy of the Greenleaf Family_, New York, 1854, pp. 89, 91, 205, 207; _Boston Post-Boy_ and _Boston Gazette_, November 8, 1762, obituary of Elizabeth Greenleaf.)

[7] Owen, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), p. 23.

[8] J. R. Alden, _The American Revolution_, New York, 1954 p. 23.

[9] Owen, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), pp. 12-13.

[10] _Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789_, edited by Worthington C. Ford, Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., 1905, vol. 2, p. 250. Nearly all excerpts from Ford also appear in Owen, _op. cit._ (footnote 2).

[11] _Ibid._, vol. 3, p. 261. The Samuel Ward diary for September 23 records that "a parcel of medicines for the hospital" was "to be bought" (E. C. Burnett, _Letters of Members of the Continental Congress_, Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., 1921, vol. 1, p. 205).

[12] Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 3, p. 344.

[13] Burnett, _op. cit._ (footnote 11), vol. 1, p. 292.

[14] _Pennsylvania Ledger_, May 6, 1775. [William Smith in Philadelphia was selling drugs in 1772 (Potts Papers, vol. 1, folio 52).]

[15] _Pennsylvania Evening Post_, December 26, 1775.

[16] _Pennsylvania Packet_, September 11, 1775; _Pennsylvania Journal_, September 6, 1775; _Pennsylvania Gazette_, October 4, 1775.

[17] The Marshalls sold drugs to Sharp Delaney and William Smith in April 1776 (Marshall Waste Book, see footnote 20).

[18] E. T. Ellis, "The Story of a Very Old Philadelphia Drug Store,"

_American Journal of Pharmacy_, 1908, vol. 75, p. 57; England, _op.

cit._ (footnote 3), pp. 348-350; Parke, Davis & Co., _A History of Pharmacy in Pictures_, undated booklet edited by George Bender.

[19] Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 3, p. 442; vol. 4, pp. 188, 197.

[20] Christopher Jr. and Charles Marshall Waste Book, February 21 to July 6, 1776, at The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

[21] Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 3, p. 442; vol. 4, pp. 188, 197; Burnett, _op. cit._ (footnote 11), vol. 1.

[22] Owen, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), pp. 18-19.

[23] _American Archives ..._ Peter Force, ed., Was.h.i.+ngton, ser. 4, vol. 1-6, 1837-46; ser. 5, vol. 1-3, 1848-53. Ser. 4, vol. 3, p. 306.

[24] Duncan, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), pp. 62-64.