Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period Part 24

_64. Affidavit of Philip Middleton. November 11, 1696._[1]

[Footnote 1: Public Record Office, C.O. 5:1257, no. 47 I. Besides this examination before the London magistrate, Middleton had made a statement, Aug. 4, 1696, to the lords justices of Ireland, fully summarized in _Cal. St. Pap. Col._, 1696-1697, pp. 260-262; it nearly duplicates that of John Dann, our no. 63, _supra_. Note also the affidavit of John Elston of New Jersey, another of the crew, in _N.J.

Archives_, first series, II. 223-226.]

Phillip Midleton of London, Mariner, of competent age, deposeth and saith upon his Corporall Oath That he, this Deponent, did serve on board the s.h.i.+p _Charles_ alias _Fancy_ under the command of Henry Every alias Bridgeman in the month of Aprill last, when she arrived at an Island near Providence in America, from whence a Letter was writ to Mr. Nicholas Trott, Governour of Providence, which Letter this Deponent saw and heard it read, and declareth That the Contents were, That, provided he would give them liberty to come on Sh.o.a.r and depart when they pleased (or words to this purpose), they promised to give the said Governour twenty Peices of Eight and two Peices of Gold a Man and the said s.h.i.+p, and all that was in her. But this Deponent remembers not the least threatning expression in the said Letter nor did he hear such like words from any of the s.h.i.+ps Crew, onely some of them said that if they were not admitted to come to Providence they would go some where else, and further deposeth That Mr. Governour Trott returned answer to the aforesaid Letter in writeing in very civill termes, a.s.suring Captain Every That he and his Company should be wellcome (or words to this purpose), which said a.s.surance was made good to them by Governour Trott after their arrivall at Providence as effectually as they could desire.[2] This Deponent likewise deposeth, That upon receipt of Mr. Governour Trotts Letter, or in a little s.p.a.ce of time after, a Collection was made afore the Mast (at which this Deponent was present) for him the said Governour Trott, to which Captain Every contributed 40 Peices of Eight and four Peices of Gold and every Sailer (being one hundred men besides Boyes) twenty Peices of Eight and two Peices of Gold a man, which sum being collected were sent to Mr. Governour Trott by Robert Chinton, Henry Adams, and two more, whose names this Deponent doth not call to mind, after which the said Captain Every and his Crew sailed in the said s.h.i.+p _Charles_ for Providence, where at their arrivall they delivered up the said s.h.i.+p with what was in her to the said Governour Trott, and accordingly Major Trott took possession of her in the said Governours name and afterwards left her in the custody of the Governours Boatswain and a few Negroes, whose incapacity or number were not sufficient to secure the s.h.i.+p from hurtfull accidents, as this Deponent believes and also was informed, the which was made evident by the s.h.i.+ps comeing a sh.o.a.r about two dayes after Governour Trott was possessed of her, though she had two Anchors at her Bow and one in the hold, at least she had so many Anchors when this Deponent and the rest of the Company quitted the said s.h.i.+p to Mr. Trott. This Deponent also deposeth That so soon as Mr. Trott was in possession of the said s.h.i.+p he sent Boats to bring a sh.o.a.r the Elephants teeth, the sails, Blocks, etc., that was valuable in the said s.h.i.+p, And further saith That he saw severall Boats Land which were filled with the aforesaid Commodityes and stores, and that he hath heard severall of the s.h.i.+p _Charles's_ Crew say and affirm (and which this Deponent also doth believe and partly know) that at the said s.h.i.+p's arrivall at Providence she had on board fifty Tons of Elephants teeth, forty six Guns mounted, one hundred Barrells of Gunpowder or thereabouts, severall Chests of Buccanneer Guns, besides the small Armes which were for the s.h.i.+ps use, the number of which doth not occur to his mind. He further deposeth to the best of his knowledge and Information the said s.h.i.+p was firm and tight, for whereas he went down into her Hold the same day she arrived at Providence he then could not perceive she made the least water. And further saith that the said s.h.i.+p came a sh.o.a.r as aforesaid two dayes after Mr. Trott was possessed of her, he first having taken out of her what was most considerable. this misfortune of the s.h.i.+p happened about noon in the said Governour's sight, as this Deponent (who was an Eye Witness) well knowes. he likewise declares That one named James Browne, with severall others of Providence and also severall that had been of the s.h.i.+ps Crew, upon this occasion profered themselves to undertake weighing her with Casks, But this Deponent never heard that the offers aforesaid were accepted, nor that any means was used to get her off, nor that Governour Trott had any consideration besides that of getting on Sh.o.a.r what still remained on board. This Deponent also saith That it was generally reported at Providence the s.h.i.+p was run on Sh.o.a.r designedly. And this Deponent saith That he left Providence when Captain Every did and that the Sloop in which they went was the last Vessell that carryed from Providence any considerable number of the s.h.i.+p _Charles's_ men and that this Deponent was informed a Packet was sent by Hollandsworths Sloop, which sailed before that in which this Deponent was, in which also he knowes there was another Packet sent, which this Deponent saw and believes 't was from Governour Trott but knowes not to whom they were directed. He further deposeth That neither while he was at Providence nor afterwards he knew or heard that the said s.h.i.+p _Charles_ was bilged, but he remembers that Joseph Dawson, who had been Quarter-Master by Captain Every, was sent on board her just before his departure to fetch some Cask for the use of his Sloop, which Dawson brought on Sh.o.a.r and then in this Deponents hearing declared That the said s.h.i.+p was not bilged, the water in her being black and stinking and the Cask being wedged in the Ballast. if the s.h.i.+p had been bilged she would have been full of water whereby he could not have gotten the Cask out. And this Deponent alwaies understood That Sir James Houblon and Company of London owned the said s.h.i.+p and verily believes Governour Trott knew as much. The said Deponent further deposeth That John Dan, John Sparks and Joseph Dawson arrived in Ireland in Captain Everys Sloop in the Company of this Deponent, which said Sloop departed from Providence about the beginning of last June, and Hollandsworths Sloop about fourteen dayes or three weeks before.

[Footnote 2: In his defence, _Cal. St. Pap. Col._, 1697-1698, p. 506, Governor Trott declares that there were but 60 men resident at New Providence (Na.s.sau) as against 113 (whites) of Every's men. See also _Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial_, VI. 3.]

A copy of Phillip Middleton's Affidavit made before Sir John Houblon, Knight,[3] the 11th of November last, examined in London this 30th day of January anno 1696/7.

[Footnote 3: Governor of the Bank of England, and lord mayor of London in the earlier part of that year. The owner of the _Charles_ was his brother.]

_65. Deposition of Samuel Perkins. August 25, 1698._[1]

[Footnote 1: Public Record Office, C.O. 323:2, no. 131. It is endorsed "Copy of a Deposition of Samuel Perkins relating to Pirates in the East Indies Communicated to the Board [of Trade] by Mr. Secretary Vernon" (secretary of state). Samuel Perkins of Ipswich, Ma.s.sachusetts, had been one of that town's contingent in King Philip's War, and died in Ipswich, an old man, in 1738.]

The Examination of Samuel Perkins, of Ipswich in New England, taken upon oath before me Ralph Marshall Esquire, one of his Majesties Justices of the Peace for the County of Middles.e.x and Citty and Liberty of Westminster, this 25th day of August Anno Domini 1698.

This Informant upon his Oath saith, That about 5 years since he went aboard the s.h.i.+p _Resolution_, Captain Robert Glover an Irishman Commander, (who had 18 Guns and 60 men), to see his Uncle Elisha Skilling, who was Boatswain of the said s.h.i.+p but is since Dead, who detained him in the said s.h.i.+p together with a French Maletto[2] Boy, which s.h.i.+p sailed from New England in the night to the Isle of May, where they took in Salt, and thence sailed to Cape Coast in Guinnea,[3] where a Dutch man of War took 11 men from them, but returned 9 of them again, keeping the other two as Hostages, in case they meddled with any Dutchmen. From thence they sailed to Cape Lopaz and so to Madagascar, where they victualled and cleaned, and thence sailed into the Red Sea, where they lay waiting for some India s.h.i.+ps, but missing them went to an Island called Succatore[4] in the Mouth of the red Sea, where they bought Provisions and so went to Raj.a.pore,[5]

where they took a small Muscat man with 12 Guns laden with Dates and Rice, in the Harbour; in taking whereof they killed some of her men, and sent the Muscatt man by Captain Glover (with whom the rest of the _Resolutions_ Crew had a quarrell)[6] to Madagascar, and then chose one Richard s.h.i.+vers a Dutchman for their Commander, and then sailed to Mangelore,[7] where they took a small s.h.i.+p belonging to the Moors, laden with Rice and Fish, some of which they Plundered and then let her goe. from thence they went to Callicut,[8] where they took 4 s.h.i.+ps belonging to the Moors at Anchor in the Road, and sent ash.o.r.e to know if the Country would Ransome them. But there being a design among the Countrey people to retake their own s.h.i.+p and the said s.h.i.+p _Resolution_, with some Grabbs[9] or Boats sent off, They fired two of the said Prizes and run away and left them. Thence they went to Cape Comarine, to cruise for Malocca[10] men, but mist them, and took a Danish s.h.i.+p, out of which they took two men by force and five more came voluntarily aboard, and left the rest aboard the sloop, having first taken severall Piggs of Lead, fire arms, and Gun Powder out of her. from thence they went to the Island Mauretious,[11] where they took in Provisions and so to St. Marys Island near Madagascar, where they met with Captain h.o.a.re an Irishman (since Dead) who was commander of the _John and Rebecca_,[12] a Pyrate of about 200 Tuns, 14 Guns, belonging to the Road Island, who had with her a Prize (a pritty large s.h.i.+p) belonging to the Mogulls subjects at Suratt, which he had taken at the Gulph of Persia, laden with Bale Goods. there was there also a Brigantine belonging to New York, which came to fetch Negroes, and the hulk of the said s.h.i.+p which Captain Glover carried thither.

[Footnote 2: Mulatto.]

[Footnote 3: Cape Coast Castle, on the Gold Coast.]

[Footnote 4: Sokotra.]

[Footnote 5: Rajpur, a few miles south of Bombay.]

[Footnote 6: See paragraph 10 in Capt. Adam Baldridge's deposition, no. 68, _infra_.]

[Footnote 7: Further south, on the Canara coast.]

[Footnote 8: Still further south, on the Malabar coast; still on the west coast of Hindustan, of which Cape Comorin, below, is the southernmost point.]

[Footnote 9: Arabic _gurab_, a large coasting-vessel.]

[Footnote 10: Malacca.]

[Footnote 11: Mauritius, then a Dutch island.]

[Footnote 12: See paragraphs 12, 13, in Capt. Adam Baldridge's deposition, no. 68, _infra_. Governor Fletcher of New York, July 16, 1695, had given h.o.a.r a commission as a privateer to cruise against the French in the _John and Rebecca_. Glover and h.o.a.r were brothers-in-law.

_Cal. St. P. Col._, 1697-1698, p. 108.]

The Island St. Maries is a pritty large Island, well inhabited by black people, where one Captain Baldridge[13] (who, as he was informed, had formerly killed a man in Jamaica, and thereupon turned Pirate about 13 years agoe) had built a platforme of a Fort with 22 Guns, which was destroyed, together with Captain Glover and the rest of the Pyrats there, whilst this Informant was at Madagascar about nine months agoe, by the Blacks, who also killed 7 English men and 4 French men in the house where this Informant was at Madagascar, sparing only himself.

[Footnote 13: See doc.u.ment no. 68, _post_.]

There was then also a party of English in another part of the Island of Madagascar, who defended themselves against the Blacks on an Island in a River there, having some of the blacks on their side, till Captain Baldredge, who was then absent with the said Brigantine (which he had bought and sailed in her to Mascarine,[14] an Island belonging to the French, where he went to sell Prize Goods) returned, and took them off, carryed them to St. Augustines Bay,[15] they paying considerably for their Transportation. This Informant further saith that, before this happened, he run away from the _Resolution_ and remained on the Island of Madagascar as aforesaid, the said s.h.i.+p being gone, as he was told, to the Streights of Mallacca, which is about Tenn months since; That he this Informant was redeemed for a parcell of Gun Powder by those who defended themselves as aforesaid, and went with them aboard the Briggantine, who went first to St. Augustines Bay to putt some men ash.o.r.e (who had not money to pay for their further pa.s.sage) and thence sailed to St. Helena, where they arrived about six months agoe, pretending there to be a trading s.h.i.+p belonging to New York, upon which they got water and Provisions.[16] But this Informant run away from the said s.h.i.+p at St. h.e.l.lena and concealed himself in the Island till she was gone (who stayed there about 7 or 8 days) and continued there about 3 months till the arrivall of the _Sampson_ there from the East Indies, aboard of which s.h.i.+p he came for England with the consent of the Governor of St. Helena.

[Footnote 14: See doc.u.ment no. 63, note 21.]

[Footnote 15: On the southwest coast of Madagascar.]

[Footnote 16: St. Helena was then already an English island, with about a thousand inhabitants.]

This informant farther saith That he had heard upon Madagascar, That a little before his arrivall there That 14 of the Pyrates (belonging to Captain Tew, Captain Rayner, and Captain Mason and Captain Coats or some of them)[17] had by consent divided themselves into two sevens, to fight for what they had (thinking they had not made a voyage sufficient for so many) and that one of the said Sevens were all killed, and five of the other, so that the two which survived enjoyed the whole Booty. And this Informant further saith, that he hath heard and believeth, that not only the s.h.i.+p _Resolution_ to which he formerly belonged, but also the _Mocha_ Friggat,[18] which run away out of the service of the East India Company, the _Charles and Mary_, and severall other s.h.i.+ps manned by English and other European Nations, were about nine months since, when he came from Madagascar, and still are playing the Pyrates in the Streights of Mallaca, in the Red Sea and other Parts in the East Indies.

SAMUELL PERKINS.

Juratus coram me[19]

RA. MARSHALL.

[Footnote 17: All these figure in the accusations against Fletcher in _N.Y. Col. Doc._, IV.]

[Footnote 18: The _Mocha_ appears also in the Kidd narratives, and continued her career of piracy till 1699, at least.]

[Footnote 19: _I.e._, sworn before me.]

_66. Certificate for John Devin (Bahamas). September (?) 20, 1698._[1]

[Footnote 1: Suffolk Court Files, Boston, no. 3765, paper 2. We find John Devine settled as a chirurgeon in Boston in 1704. _N.E. Hist.

Gen. Reg._, x.x.xVI. 309.]

New Providence SS.

Whereas in the month of Aprill in the year of our Lord G.o.d one Thousand Six hundred and ninety six Capt. Henry Every als Bridgeman came into the Harbor of new Providence with the s.h.i.+pp _Charles_ als _Fancy_, which said Capt. Every and his s.h.i.+pps Crew were few days after their arrivall thought and supposed to be by the Major Part of the Island of Providence to be guilty of piracy upon the open Seas, And that the with in mentioned John Devin was one of the s.h.i.+ps Company, and was lately apprehended and taken as one of the said Pirates in order to be brought to his Tryall, which was accordingly done the 22d of this Instant August, and the Bill being presented against the within mentioned John Devin to the Gran Jury, which sd Grand Jury found the Bill, and afterwards the sd John Devin was brought to the Court, and holding up his hand was arraigned; The Petty Jury being sworne, the Attorney Gen'll opening the matter to the Court and Jury against the sd John Devin, The Petty Jury returning to the Court found the within mentioned John Devin not Guilty, upon which the sd John Devin was cleared by proclomation, as by the publick Entrys doth and may more at large appear:

Whereupon and upon the humble Requestt to me made by the sd John Devin, I, Ellis Lightwood Esq., Chief Judge, have thought fitt to certifie this under my hand, and ordered the publick Seale of this Goverment to be hereunto affixed as a Testimony of his the sd John Devins Innocency relating to the supposed piracy of Capt. Every als Bridgeman in the s.h.i.+p _Charles_ als _Fancy_.

ELLIS LIGHTWOOD

[September (?)] the 20th Anno Dom 1698 [ _blank_ ] LEIGHTON per Dom. Regem.

Coppy examined by ELISHA COOKE, Clerk.[2]

[Footnote 2: Elisha Cooke the younger, clerk of the superior court of Ma.s.sachusetts from 1702 to 1718.]

_67. Certificate for John Devin (Ma.s.sachusetts). October 25, 1698._[1]

[Footnote 1: Suffolk Court Files, Boston, no. 3765, paper 1.]

New England. Anno Rs. Gulielmi 3d Decim.[2]

[Footnote 2: _I.e._, _anno decimo Regis Gulielmi Tertii_, "in the tenth year of King William III."]