For The Thrill Of It Part 24

19. "Scene in the Court," "Scene in the Court," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 March 1894.

20. Darrow, Darrow, Story of My Life Story of My Life, 361.

21. Ibid., 41, 96; John P. Altgeld, Ibid., 41, 96; John P. Altgeld, Our Penal Machinery and Its Victims Our Penal Machinery and Its Victims, 2nd ed. (New York: A. C. McClurg, 1886), 21.

22. Ray Ginger, Ray Ginger, The Bending Cross: A Biography of Eugene Victor Debs The Bending Cross: A Biography of Eugene Victor Debs (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1949), 9293, 101107; Nick Salvatore, (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1949), 9293, 101107; Nick Salvatore, Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982), 114125. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982), 114125.

23. Ginger, Ginger, Bending Cross Bending Cross, 108147; Salvatore, Eugene V. Debs Eugene V. Debs, 126135.

24. Ginger, Ginger, Bending Cross Bending Cross, 164167; Salvatore, Eugene V. Debs Eugene V. Debs, 137138.

25. Irving Stone, Irving Stone, Clarence Darrow for the Defense: A Biography Clarence Darrow for the Defense: A Biography (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran, 1941), 103112. (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran, 1941), 103112.

26. J. Anthony Lukas, J. Anthony Lukas, Big Trouble: A Murder in a Small Western Town Sets Off a Struggle for the Soul of America Big Trouble: A Murder in a Small Western Town Sets Off a Struggle for the Soul of America (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997), 5054, 108109. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997), 5054, 108109.

27. Ibid., 7072, 197200, 255262. Ibid., 7072, 197200, 255262.

28. Ibid., 707711, 722725. Ibid., 707711, 722725.

29. Geoffrey Cowan, Geoffrey Cowan, The People v. Clarence Darrow: The Bribery Trial of America's Greatest Lawyer The People v. Clarence Darrow: The Bribery Trial of America's Greatest Lawyer (New York: Random House, 1993), 8690, 101109, 119123, 137138. (New York: Random House, 1993), 8690, 101109, 119123, 137138.

30. Ibid., 246255. Ibid., 246255.

31. Ibid., 279283, 291293, 429433. Ibid., 279283, 291293, 429433.

32. Kevin Tierney, Kevin Tierney, Darrow: A Biography Darrow: A Biography (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979), 281, 291, 306310. (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979), 281, 291, 306310.

33. "Clarence Darrow to the Prisoners at Joliet," "Clarence Darrow to the Prisoners at Joliet," Everyman Everyman 11 (November 1915): 1415. 11 (November 1915): 1415.

34. "Finger Prints Move Slayer to Confess," "Finger Prints Move Slayer to Confess," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 18 May 1915.

35. "Coroner Holds Pethrick [ "Coroner Holds Pethrick [sic] after New Confession," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 19 May 1915.

36. Ibid.; "Will Try to Hang Pethrick [ Ibid.; "Will Try to Hang Pethrick [sic]," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 20 May 1915.

37. "Women Doctors Find Pethick's Mental Age 7," "Women Doctors Find Pethick's Mental Age 7," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 9 September 1915.

38. Ibid. Ibid.

39. "Woman Lawyer to Defend Pethick," "Woman Lawyer to Defend Pethick," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 August 1915; "Three Medics to Examine Slayer," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 24 September 1915.

40. "Finds Pethick's Mind below Par," "Finds Pethick's Mind below Par," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 September 1915; "State Demands Sentence of Death for Pethick," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 28 September 1915; "Women See Lesson of Protection in Case of Pethick," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 September 1915.

41. Robert M. Lee, "Half Wit Boy Admits Killing Rich Widow," Robert M. Lee, "Half Wit Boy Admits Killing Rich Widow," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 April 1916; "Death Verdict for Hettinger; 'I'll Not Hang,'" Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 30 September 1916.

42. "Hettinger Boy Declines Pam's Offer of Life," "Hettinger Boy Declines Pam's Offer of Life," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 12 November 1916.

43. "Hettinger Will Plead Guilty to Avoid Death," "Hettinger Will Plead Guilty to Avoid Death," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 23 November 1916; "Mother's Wish Moves Youth to Admit Murder," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 26 November 1916.

44. In Illinois, the jury decides both the verdict and the sentence in capital cases. In Illinois, the jury decides both the verdict and the sentence in capital cases.

45. "Taunted Wife Shoots Husband in Courtroom," "Taunted Wife Shoots Husband in Courtroom," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 26 April 1919.

46. Ibid. Ibid.

47. Maude Martin Evers, "Simpson Widow Quails before Pointing Hands," Maude Martin Evers, "Simpson Widow Quails before Pointing Hands," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 19 September 1919.

48. "Cussin' Cards Cited to Help Mrs. Simpson," "Cussin' Cards Cited to Help Mrs. Simpson," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 21 September 1919; "Mrs. Simpson Insane 2 Years, Says Witness," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 20 September 1919.

49. Maude Martin Evers, "Experts Differ on Insanity of Mrs. Simpson," Maude Martin Evers, "Experts Differ on Insanity of Mrs. Simpson," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 24 September 1919.

50. Maude Martin Evers, "Mrs. Simpson to Learn Fate by Noon Today," Maude Martin Evers, "Mrs. Simpson to Learn Fate by Noon Today," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 September 1919.

51. Maude Martin Evers, "Mrs. Simpson Found Insane; Faces Asylum," Maude Martin Evers, "Mrs. Simpson Found Insane; Faces Asylum," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 26 September 1919; "Mrs. Simpson Goes to Begin Asylum Sentence," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 3 October 1919; "Woman Slayer of Husband Found Guilty," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 15 July 1921.

52. Darrow, Darrow, Story of My Life Story of My Life, 250, 428; Abe C. Ravitz, Clarence Darrow and the American Literary Tradition Clarence Darrow and the American Literary Tradition (Cleveland: Press of Western Reserve University, 1962), 612; John C. Livingston, (Cleveland: Press of Western Reserve University, 1962), 612; John C. Livingston, Clarence Darrow: The Mind of a Sentimental Rebel Clarence Darrow: The Mind of a Sentimental Rebel (New York: Garland, 1988), 9699. (New York: Garland, 1988), 9699.

53. Clarence Darrow, Clarence Darrow, Crime: Its Cause and Treatment Crime: Its Cause and Treatment (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1922), v. (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1922), v.

54. Ibid., 3132. Ibid., 3132.

55. Ibid., 3233. Ibid., 3233.

56. Livingston, Livingston, Clarence Darrow Clarence Darrow, xxix, 99106.

57. Darrow, Darrow, Crime Crime, 3435.

58. Percy F. Bicknell, Percy F. Bicknell, The Human Side of Fabre The Human Side of Fabre (New York: Century, 1923); Augustin Fabre, (New York: Century, 1923); Augustin Fabre, The Life of Jean Henri Fabre The Life of Jean Henri Fabre, trans. Bernard Miall (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1923).

59. Clarence S. Darrow, Clarence S. Darrow, Insects and Men: Instinct and Reason Insects and Men: Instinct and Reason (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, 1921) (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, 1921) 60. Darrow, Darrow, Crime Crime, 46, 50.

61. Ibid., 36. Ibid., 36.

CHAPTER 9: ROBERT CROWE.

1. "Is Death Penalty Crime Curb? Crowe and Gemmill Debate It," "Is Death Penalty Crime Curb? Crowe and Gemmill Debate It," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 19 February 1928.

2. "If You See This Girl Telephone 'The Tribune,'" "If You See This Girl Telephone 'The Tribune,'" Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 27 July 1919; "'Sure Janet's in Heaven,' Mother, Told News, Sobs," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 28 July 1919; "New Evidence Tightens Net on Fitzgerald," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 27 July 1919.

3. "Girl Vanishes; Kidnaping Feared," "Girl Vanishes; Kidnaping Feared," Chicago Evening Post Chicago Evening Post, 23 July 1919; "40 Hour Hunt Fails to Bare Clew to Child," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 24 July 1919.

4. "Fitzgerald Is Kidnaper, Wife Says," "Fitzgerald Is Kidnaper, Wife Says," Chicago Evening Post Chicago Evening Post, 25 July 1919; "Arrest Wife of Fitzgerald in Lost Girl Case," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 July 1919.

5. "Full Confession by Slayer of Janet," "Full Confession by Slayer of Janet," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 28 July 1919.

6. "Janet's Slayer Must Hang, Say Prosecutors," "Janet's Slayer Must Hang, Say Prosecutors," Chicago Evening Post Chicago Evening Post, 28 July 1919.

7. "Quick Trial of Janet's Slayer Blocked by Law," "Quick Trial of Janet's Slayer Blocked by Law," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 July 1919; Editorial, "The Murder of Janet Wilkinson," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 July 1919.

8. "Janet Buried; Playmates Are Pall-Bearers," "Janet Buried; Playmates Are Pall-Bearers," Chicago Evening Post Chicago Evening Post, 29 July 1919; "Slayer Laments-The Riots as Janet Is Buried," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 30 July 1919.

9. "'Time Clock' of Scientific Grilling Which Brings Confession," "'Time Clock' of Scientific Grilling Which Brings Confession," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 28 July 1919; "Fitzgerald in Daze as Murder Story Is Told," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 23 September 1919.

10. "Fitzgerald in Daze." "Fitzgerald in Daze."

11. "Judge Decrees Gallows Death for Fitzgerald," "Judge Decrees Gallows Death for Fitzgerald," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 24 September 1919.

12. Oscar E. Hewitt, "Crowe or Igoe? Both Are Young and Ambitious," Oscar E. Hewitt, "Crowe or Igoe? Both Are Young and Ambitious," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 17 September 1920.

13. Ibid. Ibid.

14. Douglas Bukowski, Douglas Bukowski, Big Bill Thompson, Chicago, and the Politics of Image Big Bill Thompson, Chicago, and the Politics of Image (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998), 2627; Lloyd Wendt and Herman Kogan, (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998), 2627; Lloyd Wendt and Herman Kogan, Big Bill of Chicago Big Bill of Chicago (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1953), 113114. (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1953), 113114.

15. "City Job for R. E. Crowe," "City Job for R. E. Crowe," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 June 1915.

16. E. O. Phillips, "Thompson Slate Sweeps 34 Wards," E. O. Phillips, "Thompson Slate Sweeps 34 Wards," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 14 April 1920.

17. Hewitt, "Crowe or Igoe?" Hewitt, "Crowe or Igoe?"

18. "Man Slain, 3 Kidnaped, Police Slugged at Polls," "Man Slain, 3 Kidnaped, Police Slugged at Polls," Chicago Evening Post Chicago Evening Post, 15 September 1920; Joe D. Salkeld, "Count Votes; Worker Slain," Chicago Daily Journal Chicago Daily Journal, 15 September 1920.

19. "Man Slain"; Salkeld, "Count Votes." "Man Slain"; Salkeld, "Count Votes."

20. Editorial, "Mud and Money," Editorial, "Mud and Money," Chicago Daily Journal Chicago Daily Journal, 16 September 1920.

21. "Thompson Cleans Up City," "Thompson Cleans Up City," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 16 September 1920; "Mayor's Rule Unquestioned," Chicago Daily Journal Chicago Daily Journal, 16 September 1920; "Mayor's County Ticket Makes a Clean Sweep," Chicago Evening Post Chicago Evening Post, 16 September 1920; "Party Leaders Face Big Task of Registration," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 4 October 1920.

22. Hewitt, "Crowe or Igoe?"; "Chicago's Blanket Ballot: In 'Real Life' It Is about a Yard Square," Hewitt, "Crowe or Igoe?"; "Chicago's Blanket Ballot: In 'Real Life' It Is about a Yard Square," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 27 October 1920.

23. "Hoyne Raps Igoe, Igoe Raps Hoyne, in Democrat Row," "Hoyne Raps Igoe, Igoe Raps Hoyne, in Democrat Row," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 15 October 1920.

24. "Crowe to Rival: None Can Serve G.o.d and Mammon," "Crowe to Rival: None Can Serve G.o.d and Mammon," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 17 October 1920.

25. "Crowe Raps Igoe Backers; Igoe Bombards City Hall," "Crowe Raps Igoe Backers; Igoe Bombards City Hall," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 20 October 1920.

26. "Crowe Urges Moron Curb; Igoe a.s.sails Judge Ruling," "Crowe Urges Moron Curb; Igoe a.s.sails Judge Ruling," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 24 October 1920; "Crowe Calls Igoe 'Servant of Profiteers,'" Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 19 October 1920; "Crowe Gets Strong Allies; Igoe Hears Good Reports," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 23 October 1920; "Crowe Gets O.K. from Judges of Chicago Courts," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 31 October 1920; "Crowe Gets New Support; Igoe Hits at City's Crime," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 October 1920.

27. Arthur M. Evans, "County G.O.P. Slate Romps In 200,000 Victor," Arthur M. Evans, "County G.O.P. Slate Romps In 200,000 Victor," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 3 November 1920; "'Great Victory,' Say Crowe and Fred Lundin," Chicago Herald and Examiner Chicago Herald and Examiner, 3 November 1920; "Winners in County Get Record Vote," Chicago Herald and Examiner Chicago Herald and Examiner, 4 November 1920.

28. "Staged Holdup; Slew Wife," "Staged Holdup; Slew Wife," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 10 July 1920.

29. "Wanderer Jury Told How Gun Trapped Slayer," "Wanderer Jury Told How Gun Trapped Slayer," Chicago Daily Tribune, Chicago Daily Tribune, 15 October 1920. 15 October 1920.

30. "Duel in Dark: Ex-Army Man Avenges Death," "Duel in Dark: Ex-Army Man Avenges Death," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 22 June 1920; "'Kiss for Julia, Bullets for Mrs. Wanderer,'" Chicago Daily Tribune, Chicago Daily Tribune, 26 October 1920. 26 October 1920.

31. "Mask Torn Off, Wanderer Is Crime Enigma," "Mask Torn Off, Wanderer Is Crime Enigma," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 11 July 1920.

32. "Wanderer Jury." "Wanderer Jury."

33. "Puzzle Grows over Death of Soldier's Wife," "Puzzle Grows over Death of Soldier's Wife," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 9 July 1920.

34. "Staged Holdup"; "Sister Tells of Wanderer's Love Affairs," "Staged Holdup"; "Sister Tells of Wanderer's Love Affairs," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 13 July 1920.

35. "Claims Torture Won Confession from Wanderer," "Claims Torture Won Confession from Wanderer," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 27 October 1920.

36. "25 Years for Wanderer," "25 Years for Wanderer," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 30 October 1920.

37. Ibid. Ibid.

38. Ibid.; "'Poor b.o.o.b' May Hang Wanderer at New Trial," Ibid.; "'Poor b.o.o.b' May Hang Wanderer at New Trial," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 31 October 1920.

39. "25 Years"; "Sentence Makes Wanderer Grin, but Grin Fades," "25 Years"; "Sentence Makes Wanderer Grin, but Grin Fades," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 4 November 1920.

40. "Election Brings Month Respite for Wanderer," "Election Brings Month Respite for Wanderer," Chicago Herald and Examiner Chicago Herald and Examiner, 2 November 1920.

41. "Carl Wanderer Again Must Face Gallows Noose," "Carl Wanderer Again Must Face Gallows Noose," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 8 January 1921.

42. "Wanderer Born Insane, Hickson Tells Jurors," "Wanderer Born Insane, Hickson Tells Jurors," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 11 March 1921; "Alienist Holds Wanderer has Mind of Boy, 11," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 12 March 1921; "Women Experts Hold Stage at Wanderer Trial," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 15 March 1921.

43. "Decree Noose for Wanderer, 'b.o.o.b's' Killer," "Decree Noose for Wanderer, 'b.o.o.b's' Killer," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 19 March 1921.

44. George S. Buck, "The Crime Wave and Law Enforcement," George S. Buck, "The Crime Wave and Law Enforcement," Outlook Outlook 131 (3 May 1922): 16; Charles Frederick Carter, "The Carnival of Crime in the United States," 131 (3 May 1922): 16; Charles Frederick Carter, "The Carnival of Crime in the United States," Current History Current History 15 (February 1922): 754; "Lawlessness: The Shame of America," 15 (February 1922): 754; "Lawlessness: The Shame of America," Current Opinion Current Opinion 77 (July 1924): 16; Basil Thomson, "The Crime Wave and How to Deal with It," 77 (July 1924): 16; Basil Thomson, "The Crime Wave and How to Deal with It," Sat.u.r.day Evening Post Sat.u.r.day Evening Post 195 (24 February 1923): 9. 195 (24 February 1923): 9.

45. Theodore E. Burton, "Curbing Crime in the United States," Theodore E. Burton, "Curbing Crime in the United States," Current History Current History 23 (January 1926): 472473; "Wanted: A New Crusade," 23 (January 1926): 472473; "Wanted: A New Crusade," Current Opinion Current Opinion 70 (February 1921): 150; Mark O. Prentiss, "War on the Growing Menace of Crime," 70 (February 1921): 150; Mark O. Prentiss, "War on the Growing Menace of Crime," Current History Current History 23 (October 1925): 24; "Murder by Wholesale," 23 (October 1925): 24; "Murder by Wholesale," Literary Digest Literary Digest 74 (22 July 1922): 34. 74 (22 July 1922): 34.

46. "Crowe to Quiz Those Who Lost in 'Monte Carlo,'" "Crowe to Quiz Those Who Lost in 'Monte Carlo,'" Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 15 May 1921; "'Fixing' Charge Stirs Crowe; Raids Net 200," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 19 June 1921; "Crowe's Raiders Sweep 2d Ward Clubs, Jail 200," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 25 June 1921.

47. Richard C. Lindberg, Richard C. Lindberg, To Serve and Collect: Chicago Politics and Police Corruption from the Lager Beer Riot to the Summerdale Scandal To Serve and Collect: Chicago Politics and Police Corruption from the Lager Beer Riot to the Summerdale Scandal (New York: Praeger, 1991), 173174; "Crowe Defies Fitzmorris in War on Gambling," (New York: Praeger, 1991), 173174; "Crowe Defies Fitzmorris in War on Gambling," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 31 October 1921; "Cops Bootleggers!-Chief," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 25 September 1921.

48. Editorial, "The Coalition Victory," Editorial, "The Coalition Victory," Chicago Daily Journal Chicago Daily Journal, 7 June 1924.

49. John R. Schmidt, John R. Schmidt, "The Mayor Who Cleaned Up Chicago": A Political Biography of William E. Dever "The Mayor Who Cleaned Up Chicago": A Political Biography of William E. Dever (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1989), 66, 72. (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1989), 66, 72.

50. "School Graft Trail Widens," "School Graft Trail Widens," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 7 May 1922; "New $1,000,000 School Quiz," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 9 May 1922.

51. "Crowe Narrows School Quiz to Property Deals," "Crowe Narrows School Quiz to Property Deals," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 18 May 1922; "3 School Officials Indicted for Fraud," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 24 August 1922; "13 Indicted in School Scandal: Order Arrests," Chicago Sunday Tribune Chicago Sunday Tribune, 3 September 1922.

52. "Grand Jury Seeking a Chat with Mr. Lundin," "Grand Jury Seeking a Chat with Mr. Lundin," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 15 September 1922.

53. "Jacob M. Loeb," in Paul Gilbert and Charles Lee Bryson, "Jacob M. Loeb," in Paul Gilbert and Charles Lee Bryson, Chicago and Its Makers Chicago and Its Makers (Chicago: F. Mendelsohn, 1929), 928. (Chicago: F. Mendelsohn, 1929), 928.

54. Philip Kinsley, "Board Danced to Lundin Whip, Hanson Swears," Philip Kinsley, "Board Danced to Lundin Whip, Hanson Swears," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 9 June 1923; Philip Kinsley, "Lundin Partner in Rohm's Firm, Kin Tells Jury," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 28 June 1923; Philip Kinsley, "Show Lundin's Companies Got Door Contracts," Chicago Daily Tribune Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 June 1923.